Home
Site Map Mobile |
Learning Dutch?
There's Never Been A Better Time |
Pronunciation
Listening Hear Names |
Words
Phrases Grammar |
Search my site: |
April 2013: Major Upgrade - mouseovers with translation and more than 300 sound files for individual words added, and a new introduction.
A rough translation of all Dutch words on this page - or see mouseovers.
Introduction: 'Long' and 'Short' Vowels | |
---|
Vowels Compared | |
Vowels and Diphthongs Compared | |
Diphthongs Compared | |
---|
Other Vowel Sounds | |
Dieresis | |
Compound Words | |
---|
Long and Short Vowels:
Dutch vowels can be 'long' or 'short.'
('Long' and 'short' are
traditional names - the difference is actually more a matter of tone.)
short A
long A |
short E
long E 'voiceless E' ('schwa') |
short I
long I (IE) |
short O
long O |
short U
long U |
There is no sound in English like Dutch 'long U.' Y is almost always pronounced as Dutch I, either long or short. More on pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs |
long: | Kaat | maan | slaap | Deen | boom 2 | vloot 2 | Double vowel: always long |
long: exception: |
ka 2 | ma | sla | de |
Co | vlo 2 | Single vowel at the end of a word:
long - except for E at the end of a word which is voiceless: e (uh) |
short: | kat | man | slap | den | bom 2 | vlot 2 3 | Single vowel followed by one or more consonants at the end of a word: short |
long: | kater 2 | manen | slapen | Denen 2 | bomen | vloten 2 | Single vowel followed by one consonant followed by another vowel: long - this is a bit like 'silent E' in English, which indicates that a preceding vowel is long. |
short: | katten 2 | mannen | slappe | dennen 2 | bommen 2 | vlotten 2 3 | Single vowel followed by two or more consonants: short |
You'll hear a single word by clicking the speaker icon next to it; clicking 'hear' will let you hear the three or four words in the column above.
Later additions:
tragisch
2
- kleurrijk
- breuklijn
2
- mammoet
-
poema
-
garnaal
-
sprinkhaan
2
3
-
huisdeur
2
-
huisbaas
2
-
reisbeurs
2
-
aorta
- chaos
kreatief realiteit
hear
- creatie
2
slow
- reactie
- reageerbuis
- realistisch
aureool
- hear
miauw (meow)
- hear
triangel Ria riant cruciaal
- hear
- triangel
- Ria
- riant
- cruciaal
prieel
dieet diëten
- hear
- 2
pion trio bastion viool radio
- hear
- pion
- trio
- bastion
- viool
- radio
2
- riool
2
(de) spion
2 / spionnen
2
- spy/spies (I and O are pronounced separately)
exception: (het) ion
/ ionen
ion / ionen
2
- ion / ions - I more like consonant Y, Dutch J
schorpioen
2
oase
leeuw leeuwen leeuwtje leeuwin
- hear -
2
- leeuw
- Zeeuws
2
- geeuw
- meeuw
- sneeuw
2
nieuw nieuwe nieuws
- hear
- nieuw
- nieuws
- very much like Britsh English 'new' and 'news'
- kieuw
2
sneu
2
3
- sneeuw
2
- nieuw
juweel ritueel
- hear
- 2
- juweel
2
- ritueel
The I after a vowel is pronounced like English Y in 'Yes'
(except of course in ei and ui)
fraai fraaie fraaier fraais
- hear
- haai
- maaien
- zaaitijd
maïs Thais pais
- hear
- Dutch AI sounds very much like English 'I' -
maïs
2
- Thai
snijmaïs
2
3
-
maïsbrij
2
-
maïsmeel
- maïsfeest
2
- Maizena
ooi dooien dooit
- hear
- ooi
- dooi
prooi
2
mooi mooier mooist
- hear
- mooi
- hooi
koe koeien
- hear
- koeien
- koeien loeien
groei groeien groeit
- hear
- groei
2
- groeien
2
- boeien
2
Words that end in ei, ij or
ui will have a sound like Y in English 'Yes' (Dutch 'J')
inserted before endings that starts with a vowel, like -e,
-en or
-er. This sound is not put in writing.
ei eieren
- hear
kei keien ei eieren beiaard
- hear
vrij vrijer
- hear
lui luie
- hear
ui uien kruier
- hear
- ui
2
- uien
Compare also:
beiaard
2
-
bejaard
2
In a few words of French origin, the ou is pronounced as English OO:
coulant couplet foudraal
- hear
More words and sounds from French:
cadeau bureau
- hear
dressoir boudoir
- hear
ordinair militair
- hear
portemonnaie portefeuille
- hear
French O:
roze
- zone
- controle
2
In Greek names and a few words of Greek origin, the Dutch
pronounce EU as Dutch UI, OE as Dutch EU, and the Latin -US ending is
as Dutch OE:
Prometheus Oedipus
- hear
Zeus
2
- Orpheus
2
aä - eë - eï - eü
- ië - oë - uï - uü
Dieresis
- two dots on top of a vowel indicate that
the vowel is pronounced separately from the preceding vowel(s), not
forming a long vowel or a diphtong. In Dutch, it's called
trema
- it may look somewhat similar to the German
Umlaut, but its meaning is completely different.
geëerd
2 weeën kopiëren 2 |
ingrediënt
België 2 Oekraïne |
De Zeven Provinciën
De Verenigde Provinciën Nederlands-Indië 2 |
Californië
Israël Sinaï |
Rafaël
Daniël |
When you listen closely, you may have noticed that Dutch vowels get longer before R and/or change slightly in tone. Don't worry about it in your first years of studying Dutch - Vowels before R.
All the Dutch words on this page translated - or see mouseovers.
Compound Words | ||
As you may have seen, Dutch has many
compound words. For instance
(de) spoorweg
2
- 'railroad' like in English,
and overgang
- like 'overpass' in English, though in
Dutch it means 'crossing' at the same level, and of different kinds
of road. ('Intersection' is (het) kruispunt
2)
But unlike English, Dutch can
combine those words into spoorwegovergang
('railroad crossing')
and even further to
spoorwegovergangwachter
- the attendant at the crossing who
takes care of (or checks on) the lowering and lifting the traffic barriers. God and dienst ('service') combine to godsdienst 2 ('religion.') 'Free' is vrij and 'freedom, liberty' is vrijheid 2. These words combine to make (de) godsdienstvrijheid ('freedom of religion.') Just as important is (de) gewetensvrijheid ('freedom of conscience') - the freedom to change your religion, and (de) vrijheid van meningsuiting ('freedom of [expressing opinion] speech.') |
In English, compound words may need the approval of Mr Webster and the
Queen, but in Dutch any native speaker can make up compound
words.
I remember, long ago in a shop, two teenagers came in and asked
for an 'inkijkboek'
2
('a lookup book.') The other people in the store laughed (in a
friendly way) but it was perfectly clear what they meant, and I
admired the kids for coming up with such a nice word. The regular Dutch
word is (de) catalogus
2
3. I may have made up one or two of the words on this page myself. But not all word combinations are correct Dutch and some sound unpleasant, like the German-style meerprijs 2 ('a higher price') that's sometimes seen in ads: "Voor een geringe meerprijs ..." 2 'At a slightly higher price ...' Foreigners may not have a good sense of what's right. 'Darkroom' is the only example that I can think of where an English compound word translates into two Dutch words: donkere kamer 2. |
Welcome | Learning Dutch? | - Lesson 1 | Site Map | Pronunciation | Words and Phrases | Hear Dutch Names |
---|
email
Copyright © Marco Schuffelen 2006-2013. All rights reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, hotlinked to
or redistributed.
Don't be a
dief (thief) -
dievegge (female thief) -
diefstal (theft) -
stelen (to steal) -
heler (dealer in stolen goods) -
hear Dutch -
2