from the 100% free Hear Dutch Here Website — more verbs
Short De voltooide tijd - The Perfect Tenses
In the perfect tenses, an auxiliary verb ('to have' in English, in Dutch hebben click to hear ‑>> or zijn click to hear ‑>>) is combined with a past participle - (het) voltooid deelwoord click to hear
The Dutch past participle usually has a GE‑ click to hear prefix and for most 'strong' verbs an ‑EN  or ‑N ending; almost all 't kofschip click to hear 'weak' verbs add a ‑T ending to the verb stem, and non-'t kofschip weak verbs a ‑D ending. For example:
zien click to hearto see ik heb gezien click to hear  I have seen
horen click to hear 2 to hear    ik heb gehoord click to hear  I have heard

Most of the Dutch verbs use the simple tenses of hebben click to hear ‑>> 'to have' combined with a past participle for the perfect tenses, like in English, but about 20 common Dutch verbs use the simple tenses of zijn click to hear ‑>> (otherwise translated as 'to be') as the auxiliary verb for the perfect tenses, for instance:
gaan click to hearto go ik ben gegaan click to hear 2  'I have gone' ('I went')
blijven click to hear 2 to remain, stay    Ik ben gebleven click to hear 2  I have stayed, remained

Most verbs of motion can have perfect tenses with either hebben click to hear ‑>> or zijn click to hear ‑>> — hebben  when it's about the time spent in motion or the distance covered, zijn  when it's about the destination, for instance:
Ik heb een uur gefietst click to hear 2 [I've ridden a bike] I rode a bike for an hour Ik heb tachtig kilometer gefietst click to hear 2 3 [I've ridden a bike] I've biked 80 kilometers Ik ben naar Amsterdam gelopen click to hear 2 [I've walked] I walked to Amsterdam
Several of the common strong verbs have don't have past participles in ‑EN
or ‑N but in ‑D or ‑T, for instance:
zijn click to hear to beIk ben geweest click to hear 2 I have been
hebben click to hear to have Ik heb gehad click to hear 2 I have had
A few weak verbs don't have an ending in ‑D or ‑T, but in ‑EN, for instance:
lachen click to hear 2 to laugh Ik heb gelachen click to hear I have laughed

Read about the perfect tenses and past participles of compound verbs, splitting verbs and verbs with 'inseparable prefixes' on the next page
Full Page
[left arrow]    Shorts    [right arrow]
email - Copyright © Marco Schuffelen 2024. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, redistributed, or hotlinked to.
Gij zult niet stelen click to hear 'Thou shalt not steal'