Dutch Verbs Lijden ('to Suffer') and Leiden ('to Lead') - Smartphones Page

Introduction

sound:

soleil 2 ('sun')

Marseille

feit ('fact')

mees 2 'a bird'

meis 2 3 "~girl"

maïs 2 '(Indian) corn'

To differentiate between the spellings in spoken Dutch, 'ei'   is called 'korte ei' 2 ('short ei') and 'ij'   is called 'lange ij' 2 ('long ij')
- more EI - more IJ

When reciting the Dutch alphabet:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
the Y is said as EI/IJ - and also in math:
x + y = z (x plus y is z) 2 3
but otherwise the letter "Y" is called by its French name: i-Grèc 2 ('Greek i')
In Dutch words, the Y is usually pronounced as 'short i' or 'long i' according to the Dutch pronunciation rules
symptoom ('symptom')
hygiëne 2 3 ('hygiene')
Occasionally, especially before a vowel, the Y is pronounced as consonant-Y (Dutch J)
yoghurt 2 'yogurt'
loyaal 2 'loyal'
- more Y

In the simple present tense, 'leiden'   sounds exactly the same as 'lijden' - but 'lijden' is a strong verb and 'leiden' is a weak verb, so the simple past tenses sound and look different. - weak and strong verbs
(In English it's the other way around: 'to lead' is a strong verb and 'to suffer' is a weak verb)
Also note that D at the end of a word is pronounced as T in Dutch, and DT at the end of a word is also pronounced as T. And double consonants are not pronounced 'longer' than single consonants or with a pause in-between.

'Lijden' - to Suffer

lijden to suffer

-

leed suffered

-

geleden suffered

2

overview
lijden		to suffer
ik lijd		I'm suffering
wij lijden		we're suffering
ik leed		I suffered
wij leden		we suffered
ik heb geleden		I have suffered
2

simple present tense
lijden		to suffer
ik lijd		I suffer
jij lijdt		you suffer (singular, informal you)
hij lijdt		he suffers
wij lijden		we suffer
jullie lijden		you suffer (plural, informal you)
zij lijden		they suffer
U lijdt		you suffer (polite you)
2

simple past tense
(lijden)		to suffer
ik leed		I suffered
jij leed		you suffered
hij leed		he suffered
wij leden		we suffered
jullie leden		y'all suffered
zij leden		they suffered
U leed		you suffered
2

present perfect tense
ik heb geleden 2	I have suffered

Sample Sentences and Related Words

Hij lijdt in stilte 2 [He is suffering in silence] - He is quiet about his suffering

Ze lijden aan geheugenverlies 2 'They are suffering from memory loss' - usually said when people ignore inconvenient history

De mens lijdt 't meest van 't lijden dat-ie vreest 'Man suffers most from the suffering he fears' - a sentiment somewhat similar to President Roosevelt's 'The only thing we have to fear is fear itself' - FDR

uit z'n lijden verlossen 2 3 4 'release from his suffering,' i.e. euthanize. Occasionally, 'saving him from an unpleasant situation'

(het) lijdend voorwerp 2 ['suffering item'] - (direct) object, accusative (grammar) ‑>>

(de) lijdende vorm ['suffering mode'] - the passive voice ‑>>

overlijden 2 3 to pass away, decease, die ‑>>
M'n vader is veertig jaar geleden overleden 2 My Dad passed away 40 years ago

(het) medelijden [co-suffering] - pity, compassion medelijden hebben met 2 to pity, have pity on Heb medelijden met de dieren! 2 3 Have pity on the animals! Ik heb medelijden met 'm 2 I pity him

zielig 2 pitiable, miserable // pathetic
Ik vind 't zo zielig 2 3 I think it's so sad, I pity the people involved

jammer! 2 a pity! too bad! It's a pity
Wat jammer! Such a pity! Wat jammer nou! 2 3 Such a pity! (I feel your pain) Wat jammer nou van die ijskast Such bad luck [of] that refrigerator (turning on, its noise ruining a recording) - Such a pity that the refrigerator turned onWat jammer dat je fiets gestolen is! 2 3 4 I'm sorry your bike was stolen, Such a pity that your bike was stolen (I feel your pain)

(het) leed suffering
Elke dag heeft genoeg aan z'n eigen leed Each day has enough suffering of its own Het leed is geleden 2 The suffering [has been suffered] is over lief en leed ['the sweet and the suffering'] - good and bad times, 'for better or worse' (het) leedvermaak 'schadenfreude,' finding pleasure or entertainment in the misfortunes of other people

Like in English, suffering from illnesses is often said as 'having' illnesses:
Hij heeft kanker 2 3 He has cancer ‑>>

belijden to profess a religion

'Geleden' is not only the past participle of lijden - but it can also mean 'ago' ‑>>
een paar jaar geleden 2 a [couple of] few years ago Dat is al een tijd geleden 2 3 That's [already] quite a while ago

'(Het) verleden' 2 is 'the past' and the adjective 'verleden' is 'past' ‑>>
het verleden the past
verleden jaar last year
in 't verleden 2 3 in the past in 'n ver verleden in a [far] distant past Dat is verleden tijd 2 3 'That's past, that's over' - "That's history" (de) verleden tijd 2 3 4 '(the) past tense'
(de) onvoltooid verleden tijd 2 ['unfinished past time'] 'simple (imperfect) past tense' ->> (de) voltooid verleden tijd 2 ['finished past time'] 'perfect past tense' more verb tenses

See also: Medical and Life

'Leiden' - to Lead

overview
leiden		to lead
ik leid		I'm leading
wij leiden		we're leading
ik leidde		I led
wij leidden		we led
ik heb geleid		I have led
2 3

simple present tense
leiden		to lead
ik leid		I lead
jij leidt		you lead (singular, informal you)
hij leidt		he leads
wij leiden		we lead
jullie leiden		you lead (plural, informal you)
zij leiden		they lead
U leidt		you lead (polite you)

ik leid I'm leading

simple past tense
(leiden)		to lead
ik leidde		I led
jij leidde		you led
hij leidde		he led
wij leidden		we led
jullie leidden		y'all led
zij leidden		they led
U leidde		you led

present perfect tense
ik heb geleid 2	I have led

Sample Sentences and Related Words

from   The Lord's Prayer:
... En leid ons niet in bekoring,
maar verlos ons van het kwade. Amen. And lead us not in temptation,
but deliver us from evil. Amen.

Hij leidde een terreurgroep 2 He led a terror group, he was the head of a terror group

't Leidde tot veel vertraging 2 3 It led to much delay, it caused much delay

't Leidt alleen maar tot meer ellende 2 3 It only leads to more misery, all it does is cause more trouble

Ze leidt een teruggetrokken bestaan 2 3 She leads a withdrawn, retiring [existence] life, she keeps to herself

Het leidt nergens toe 2 3 4 5 [It leads nowhere] Nothing comes of it, it's useless

(de) leiding 1. 'leadership' - direction, command 2. pipe or tube for transport, usually of liquid Wie heeft hier de leiding? Who's in charge here? Wie heeft er hier de leiding? Who's in charge here? Ze had de leiding over een groot bedrijf 2 She was at the head of a large company onder leiding van ... 2 3 under the leadership of ..., led by ...

(de) waterleiding 1. water pipe 2. municipal drinking water system (het) leidingwater tap water
(de) kraan 2 faucet
(het) kraanwater 2 tap water

(de) leider leader
Hij is de leider van de oppositie 2 3 He is the leader of the opposition (de) oppositie 2 3 the political parties in parliament opposed to the government ‑>> (de) bedrijfsleider manager (or use the English word)
(het) hoofd is 'head' (human and horse) - but like in English it can also be 'leading person, person in charge.' For instance, rayonhoofden ('area heads')

(de) leidster 2 3 ['female leader'] is an old-fashioned word for '(female) preschool teacher.' It is not used for women in other leadership positions.
De lieve leidsters liepen langzaam langs de Lindenlaan The kind (female Kindergarten) teachers walked slowly along the Linden Lane

(de) verleiding 2 3 [away-, astray-leading] - temptation in verleiding brengen 2 3 4 'to [bring] lead into temptation'

The verb 'afleiden' 2 3 4 can mean 'to distract, lead away from' - but it can also mean 'drawing conclusions, deduce, infer.'
(de) afleiding 2 3 distraction
Ik werd afgeleid 2 I was distracted Je hebt afleiding nodig 2 [You need distraction] - You need a break (from hard work or intense emotions) (de) bliksemafleider 2 3 4 lightning rod

(de) aanleiding 'occasion,' 'reason,' 'trigger event'
naar aanleiding van 2 3 in reaction to, in response to 'De aanleiding' can also be the 'trigger event,' 'the catalyst.' The classic example is the First World War, which had been brewing for years and for many reasons, but started in the Summer of 1914 because of the assassination in Sarajewo. It could have started after another event at another time - or maybe not at all or in a different form.
De aanleiding tot de Eerste Wereldoorlog 2 3 4 The trigger event [of] that set off the First World War

begeleiden 2 to accompany - as a friend - as a counsel ('to guide, counsel, support') - or as a musician (de) begeleider 2 companion / counselor, supervisor / accompanist (de) begeleiding supervision, coaching / accompaniment (de) blindengeleidehond 2 [steering-the-blind dog] seeing-eye dog

(de) inleiding 2 introduction (usually in a book) (de) opleiding 1. education, training 2. academy ‑>>

The City of Leiden

I don't think the name of the city of Leiden (sometimes written as 'Leyden' in English) has anything to do with the verbs on this page. The city famously withstood a siege by the Spanish army early in the Dutch Revolt and in honor of that Leyden University was established.
Leidens Ontzet The Relief of Leyden, the lifting of the siege Leidse Fles 2 3 Leyden [bottle] Jar - an early battery, condenser actually Leidse kaas 2 Leyden Cheese (with cumin)
'het Wapen van Leiden' 'Leyden Arms' - the city emblem, the city's coat of arms 'Leiden in last' 'Leyden in trouble' - said when people exaggerate the seriousness of their difficulties

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