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Dutch Prepositions etc. - Smartphones Page

(Het) voorzetsel click to hear 2 'preposition'
The prepositions are a rather difficult subject when learning a foreign language. Prepositions may have several meanings, which often translate into different words in other languages, and verbs may not go with the same prepositions across languages.
Learn the words and the basic, physical meaning first. Study the examples to understand the context of their use.

[a tree, a house and two cars - near by and far away]
hier click to hear 2
here
dit click to hear
this
deze click to hear
this, these
daar click to hear
there
dat click to hear
that
die click to hear
that, those

'Deze' and 'die' are used for 'de' words (and all plurals)
'dit' and 'dat' are used for (singular) 'het' words.
'Deze' and 'dit' indicate nearby items;
'die' and 'dat' indicate distant items.

hier en daar click to hear (expression)
'here and there' - at random places

Hier is 't warm, daar is 't koud click to hear
Here it's warm, over there it's cold

'Dat' and 'that' also have other meanings. See: Disambiguation: 'Dat'
See also: more 'hier' and 'daar'

de boom click to hear the tree
welke boom? click to hear 2 which tree?
deze boom click to hear this tree
deze boom hier click to hear 2 this tree here
die boom click to hear that tree
die boom daar click to hear 2 3 that tree over there

het huis click to hear the house
welk huis? click to hear 2 3 which house?
dit huis click to hear this house
dit huis hier click to hear this house here
dat huis click to hear that house
dat huis daar click to hear that house over there

de auto's click to hear the cars
welke auto's? click to hear 2 3 which cars?
deze auto's click to hear these cars
deze auto's hier click to hear 2 3 these cars here
die auto's click to hear those cars
die auto's daar click to hear 2 those cars over there

Words like 'welk' click to hear 2 (which) in most positions get an E-ending (welk/welke click to hear 2) - except with singular 'het'-words; somewhat similar to Adjectives - 2

[an arrow pointing at a spot] op click to hear on, at, in
op deze plaats click to hear
at this point,
in this spot

[a triangle and a square]
en click to hear 2 and
driehoek en vierkant click to hear triangle and square

[in front of, between, behind: 3 balls in a
  row]
voor click to hear in front of, before - more
achter click to hear behind - more
tussen click to hear between -and- among
[3 balls (A,B,C) in a row, another ball (D) next to them]
A is voor B en C click to hear A is in front of B and C
B is tussen A en C click to hear B is between A and C
C is achter A en B click to hear C is behind A and B
naast click to hear next to, beside
D is naast A click to hear D is next to A

[a tree in front of a house]
een boom voor het huis click to hear a tree in front of the house
[the floors of a house; around a house]
voor click to hear in front of
achter click to hear behind
naast click to hear next to
voor het huis click to hear in front of the house
achter het huis click to hear behind the house
naast het huis click to hear next to the house
[between and among houses]
tussen click to hear among -and- between
tussen de huizen click to hear among the houses
between the houses
[trees around/about a house]
om click to hear about - more
rond click to hear around
bomen om het huis click to hear trees about the house
bomen rond het huis click to hear trees around the house
[front, back and sides]
[top, sides and front] [bottom, sides and front]
(de) voorkant click to hear front
(de) zijkant click to hear 2 (side) side
(de) achterkant click to hear 2 back
(de) bovenkant click to hear top
(de) onderkant click to hear 2 bottom
(de) kant click to hear side
(de) binnenkant click to hear 2 the inside of something
(de) buitenkant click to hear 2 the outside of something
(de) korte kant click to hear 2 3 short side
(de) lange kant click to hear 2 3 long side
(de) kantlijn click to hear 2 margin, margin line (on page)
(de) linkerkant click to hear 2 left side
(de) rechterkant click to hear 2 right side
(het) bijgerecht click to hear 2 3 side dish ‑>>
(het) vierkant click to hear [4-side] square
vierkant click to hear
vierkante click to hear 2
square
(de) vierkante meter click to hear square meter, m² ‑>>

Aan de ene kant click to hear 2 3 'on the one [side] hand' Aan de andere kant click to hear 2 3 'on the other hand' Aan de kant! click to hear 2 3 4 To the side! Get out of the way! Deze kant op! click to hear 2 3 [To this side, In this direction] - This way! Welke kant op? click to hear 2 3 4 Which way? Which direction? Een dubbeltje op z'n kant click to hear 2 [A dime on its edge] - the outcome is very uncertain partij kiezen click to hear 2 3 choosing (party) sides

Dutch (de) zijde click to hear for 'side' is a little old-fashioned. It also means 'silk.' Kant also means 'lace.' ‑>>
eenzijdig click to hear 2 one-sided, biased
(de) eenzijdige ontwapening click to hear one-sided, unilateral disarmament
onzijdig click to hear 2 3 'neutral,' not 'male' or 'female' (words)
veelzijdig click to hear [many-sided] - versatile
See also: sides
opzij click to hear 2 (3) [to the side!] - get out of the way!
van opzij click to hear from the side, sideways
terzijde click to hear on the side, aside
"Dit terzijde" click to hear 2 3 4 'This on the side,' an incidental remark

In Time, 'before' is also Dutch 'voor' click to hear 2 - but 'after' is 'na' click to hear - more

'De Oorlog' click to hear
'The War'
... 1939 1940-45 1946 ...
voor de oorlog
click to hear
before the war
tijdens de oorlog
click to hear
during the war
na de oorlog
click to hear
after the war

'Voor' click to hear 2 can also be 'for' - more

[a wrapped present with the name 'Els']
voor click to hear for
een cadeau voor Els click to hear 2 a present for Alice
(Het) 'cadeau' click to hear ('present,' a word from French) is sometimes spelled as 'kado'
[Bob's hand holding the present, dropping it in Els's hand]
aan click to hear to
Bob geeft het aan Els click to hear 2 Bob gives it to Alice
van click to hear of, from - more
het cadeau van Bob click to hear 2 Bob's present

[a coffee mug, sugar and cream being added
       - the mug says 'Piet' - and 
       a cup of tea with a cookie]
met click to hear with
en click to hear and
koffie met melk en suiker click to hear
coffee with cream and sugar
van click to hear of
de mok van Piet click to hear Peet's mug
bij click to hear with, at - more
een koekje bij de thee click to hear a cookie with the tea
[a box with a number, a box without a number]
met click to hear with
doos met nummer click to hear box with a number
zonder click to hear without
doos zonder nummer click to hear box without a number
patat met mayonaise click to hear french fries with mayo
patat-met click to hear french fries with (mayo)
patat zonder mayonaise click to hear french fries without mayo
patat-zonder click to hear french fries without (mayo)
[on top of, below, with]
boven click to hear over, on top of, above
onder click to hear under, below
bij click to hear with, at
[a person sitting on a chair at a table, a bottle on the table, 
 a bottle under the table, a bottle under the chair]
op click to hear on, on top of
op de tafel click to hear on the table
op de stoel click to hear on the chair
aan click to hear at
aan de tafel click to hear at the table
onder click to hear under, below
onder de tafel click to hear under the table
onder de stoel click to hear under the chair
[over/above, in, under:
  an air balloon, in the air over the water,
  a ship on the water,
  a swimmer in the water, a submarine under water]
boven click to hear over, above
boven het water click to hear over, above the water
in click to hear in
in de lucht click to hear in the air
op click to hear on
op het water click to hear on the water
in click to hear in
in het water click to hear in the water
onder click to hear under
onder water click to hear under water
[a ball on a table, and a ball falling off the table;
  a foot on the floor, and a foot off the floor]
'Van' click to hear 2 sometimes means 'off'
op de tafel click to hear on the table
van de tafel click to hear off the table
De bal rolde van de tafel af click to hear
The ball rolled off the table
op de vloer click to hear on the floor
van de vloer click to hear off the floor
Voetjes van de vloer! click to hear
'feet off the floor' - i.e. dancing
[a bridge across a city canal]
over click to hear over, across - more
een brug over de gracht click to hear
a bridge across the city canal
[an air balloon over a house, a person on top of a house]
boven click to hear over, above
boven het huis click to hear above the house
op click to hear on, on top of
op het huis click to hear on top of the house
op het dak click to hear on the roof
in click to hear in, inside
in het huis click to hear inside the house
binnen click to hear inside
buiten click to hear outside
buiten het huis click to hear outside the house
onder click to hear under, below
onder het huis click to hear under the house
[through the house]
door click to hear through - more
door het huis click to hear through the house
[a car smashed against a tree]
tegen click to hear against
tegen een boom click to hear against a tree
[a crucifix and a lizard on a wall]
aan de muur click to hear on the wall (fixed)
op de muur click to hear on the wall (temporarily)
[to the house, into the house, away from the house]
naar click to hear to
naar het huis click to hear to the house
naar ... toe click to hear to, towards
naar het huis toe click to hear to, towards the house
Ze liep naar het huis toe click to hear
She walked towards the house
van click to hear from, away from
van het huis click to hear from the house
van ... weg click to hear away from
van het huis weg click to hear away from the house
van me af click to hear 2 3 away from me
naar me toe click to hear 2 3 towards me
in click to hear in, into
het huis in click to hear into the house
Hij ging het huis in click to hear He went into the house
in het huis click to hear inside the house
binnen click to hear inside
het huis binnen click to hear into the house
Hij ging het huis binnen click to hear
He went inside the house
naar binnen click to hear into
buiten click to hear outside
(de) buitenlander click to hear 2 foreigner
naar buiten click to hear out
Hij is naar buiten gegaan click to hear 2
He went outside
uit click to hear 2 out
het huis uit click to hear out of the house
Hij liep het huis uit click to hear
He walked out of the house
[into the room, through the door, out of the room]
door de deur click to hear through the door
de kamer in click to hear into the room
in de kamer click to hear in the room
de kamer uit click to hear out of the room
[stairs, an elevator, floors]
boven click to hear upstairs, above
naar boven click to hear up
omhoog click to hear up
beneden click to hear downstairs ('beneath')
naar beneden click to hear down
omlaag click to hear down
(de) trap click to hear stairs
(de) lift click to hear elevator

[a house: floors]
(het) huis click to hear house - more
(de) zolder click to hear attic
(de) eerste verdieping click to hear the second floor
(de) begane grond click to hear the first (ground) floor
(de) kelder click to hear cellar
[a road sign pointing to Amsterdam]
naar click to hear to
naar Amsterdam click to hear to Amsterdam
... en toen ben ik naar Amerika gegaan click to hear
'... and then I went to the US'
Van Den Haag naar Rotterdam click to hear 2
From The Hague to Rotterdam (the journey)
tot click to hear till, (to)
Van Gouda tot Schoonhoven click to hear 2
From Gouda till (to) Schoonhoven, between Gouda and Schoonhoven (the area or the distance)
uit click to hear from
uit Amsterdam click to hear from Amsterdam
ik kom uit Amerika click to hear I'm from the US
ik kom uit Engeland click to hear I'm from England
See also: Travel - Foreign Lands

links click to hear left
rechts click to hear right
rechtdoor click to hear straight (direction)
terug click to hear back
rechtsaf click to hear 2 right (direction) - "right turn, take a right"
linksaf click to hear 2 3 left (direction) - "left turn, take a leftt"

Ga linksaf click to hear
Take a left

Neem de tweede weg links
en dan de derde weg rechts click to hear
Take the second road to the left
and then the third road to the right

Sla linksaf op het kruispunt click to hear 2
Turn left at the intersection

Aan het eind van de straat gaan we rechtsaf click to hear
At the end of the street we'll take a right

[arrows along a road pointing forward and back]
vooruit click to hear forward
achteruit click to hear backward
- more Traffic and Transportation

ondersteboven click to hear 2 [downside-up] upside down
op de kop click to hear 2 [on the head] - upside-down
op z'n kop click to hear 2 3 on its head, upside-down
achterstevoren click to hear 2 [rear-in-front] backward, the wrong way 'round, in reverse order
binnenstebuiten click to hear 2 inside-out
achterom click to hear 2 1. around the back,through the back door
2. backwards ('over your shoulder')
andersom click to hear the other way 'round
verkeerdom click to hear the wrong way 'round
omgekeerd click to hear 'turned around,' upside-down
de omgekeerde wereld click to hear 2 3
the world turned upside-down

tegenover click to hear opposite
ertegenover click to hear 2 opposite it
(het) tegenovergestelde click to hear 2 (the) opposite ‑>>
tegenovergesteld click to hear (tegenovergestelde click to hear 2) opposite

[houses_opposite_behind]
't huis ertegenover click to hear 2 3 4 the house opposite it, on the other side of the street 't huis schuin ertegenover click to hear 2 the house diagonally across (from it) 't huis erachter click to hear 2 the house behind it 't huis schuin erachter click to hear 2 3 the house diagonally behind it (kitty-corner)
[houses_opposite_behind]
't huis ertussenin click to hear 2 3 the house in between (them)

met de klok mee click to hear 2 3 ['with' the clock] - clockwise
tegen de klok in click to hear 2 ['against the clock'] - counterclockwise
[clock at 8]
acht uur click to hear
8 o'clock
... 7:59 8:00 8:01 ...
voor acht uur click to hear
before 8
om acht uur click to hear
at 8
na acht uur click to hear
after 8
[an arrow pointing to '8:00'] - Dutch Time

- Time Thesaurus

om acht uur precies click to hear at eight sharp
['pharmacy' with signs 'hours' and 'days']
(de) apotheek click to hear pharmacy
(de) openingstijden click to hear business hours
van acht tot zes click to hear from eight to six
maandag tot en met zaterdag click to hear
Monday through Saturday
tot en met click to hear up to and including
op zondag gesloten click to hear closed Sundays
Dutch 'tot' click to hear ('to, till') is a little ambiguous: is the second date included or not? To avoid confusion, we sometimes say: 'tot en met' click to hear ('up to and including, through.')

[two stick figures, Wim and Henk]
Henk is klein click to hear Henk is short Wim is groot click to hear Wim is tall Wim is groter dan Henk click to hear Wim is taller than Henk Henk is kleiner dan Wim click to hear Henk is shorter than Wim Henk is niet zo groot als Wim click to hear Henk is not as tall as Wim groter dan click to
 hear > (taller than, larger than, greater than) kleiner dan click to hear < (smaller than, shorter than, less than) twee is groter dan één click to hear 2 > 1 (two is greater than one) drie is kleiner dan vier click to hear 3 < 4 (three is less than four)

[Jan, Piet, Klaas and Wim.
    Jan is taller than Piet,
    Piet and Klaas are the same height,
    Wim is the tallest.]
dan click to hear than - more
even ... als click to hear just as ... as, as ... as - more
Jan is groter dan Piet click to hear John is taller than Pete Piet is even groot als Klaas click to hear 2 Pete is as tall as Charles Piet en Klaas zijn even groot click to hear 2 Pete and Charles are the same height Wim is het grootst click to hear 2 Bill is the tallest
Many Dutchmen say "groter (etc.) als," for the comparative degree, but that is not correct. Use dan click to hear - groter dan click to hear ('bigger than')
't Is veel moeilijker dan ik dacht click to hear 2 3 It's much more difficult than I thought

Next: Smartphone List of Prepositions and Other Essential Little Words - more words, more examples, more links

- Verbs and Their Prepositions

Master Lists of Dutch Words
with pronunciation, translation and links to explanation, samples of usage and/or related words: Dutch Listing - English Listing

More Good Dutch Smartphone Pages

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Gij zult niet stelen click to hear 'Thou shalt not steal'