50 Common Strong Dutch Verbs
- Some Patterns of Change

50 Common Strong Verbs:
Alphabetic List - Patterns of Change
200 Strong Verbs:
Alphabetic List - Patterns of Change
100 Common Verbs:
Alphabetic List - 'Systematic' List

In the simple past tense, Dutch verbs have two forms: one for the singular, and one for the plural. For strong verbs, the plural adds ‑EN to the singular
The past participle is mostly used in the perfect tenses.

In my estimate, about 30% of the strong verbs have the same vowel or diphthong in the simple present tense as in the past participle; about 45% of the strong verbs have the same vowel or diphthong in the simple past tense as in the past participle, and about 25% have a third vowel or diphthong in the past participle.
About 10% of strong verbs have also a consonant change, but about half of the 50 'common' strong verbs have a consonant change.
A small number, about 5% of strong verbs have a past participle ending in ‑D or ‑T.

English	infinitive	simple past singular	past participle
example:	to be	was	(I have) been
to carry	dragen	droeg	gedragen
to ask	vragen	vroeg	gevraagd	‑>>
to slap, hit	slaan	sloeg	geslagen	‑>
to go	gaan	ging	gegaan	2 ‑>>
to let, allow	laten	liet	gelaten	‑>>
to stand	staan	stond	gestaan	‑>>
to understand, hear what is said	verstaan	verstond	verstaan	2 ‑>
to fall	vallen	viel	gevallen	‑>>
to eat	eten	at	gegeten	‑>>
		wij aten
	(G inserted in the past participle)
to give	geven	gaf	gegeven	‑>>
		wij gaven
to read	lezen	las	gelezen	‑>>
		wij lazen
to break, crack, rupture	breken	brak	gebroken	‑>>
	wij braken
to speak	spreken	sprak	gesproken	‑>>
		wij spraken
to move (yr body, items)	bewegen	bewoog	bewogen	‑>
	wij bewogen
to know (things)	weten	wist	geweten	2 ‑>>
to bring	brengen	bracht	gebracht	‑>>
to think	denken	dacht	gedacht	‑>>
to have	hebben	had	gehad	‑>>
		wij hadden
to pull	trekken	trok	getrokken	‑>>
		wij trokken
to depart.leave	vertrekken	vertrok	vertrokken	2 3
		wij vertrokken 2 3
to swim	zwemmen	zwom	gezwommen	‑>
		wij zwommen
to say	zeggen	zei	gezegd	‑>>
		wij zeiden
	D inserted in the past plural
to lie (to say what is not)	liegen	loog	gelogen	‑>
	wij logen
to see	zien	zag	gezien	‑>>
		wij zagen
to pray	bidden	bad	gebeden	‑>>
		wij baden
to lie down	liggen	lag	gelegen	‑>>
		wij lagen
to sit	zitten	zat	gezeten	‑>>
		wij zaten
to start, begin	beginnen	begon	begonnen	2 ‑>
		wij begonnen
to drink	drinken	dronk	gedronken	‑>>
to jump	springen	sprong	gesprongen
to find	vinden	vond	gevonden	‑>>
to come	komen	kwam	gekomen	‑>>
		wij kwamen
to buy	kopen	kocht	gekocht	‑>>
to be allowed to, 'may'	mogen	mocht	gemogen	‑>>
to walk	lopen	liep	gelopen	‑>>
to be (passive voice) / to 'become'	worden	werd	geworden	‑>>
to be able to, 'can'	kunnen	kon	(gekund)	‑>>
	wij konden
	(D inserted in the past plural)
'shall, will' (for the future tense)	zullen	zou	-	2 ‑>>
	wij zouden 2
to hold	houden	hield	gehouden	‑>>
to appear ('it turned out')	blijken	bleek	gebleken	‑>
		wij bleken
to grab, seize	grijpen	greep	gegrepen	‑>
		wij grepen
to understand (things)	begrijpen	begreep	begrepen	‑>
		wij begrepen
to look	kijken	keek	gekeken	‑>>
		wij keken
to get	krijgen	kreeg	gekregen	‑>>
		wij kregen
to suffer	lijden	leed	geleden	2 ‑>>
		wij leden
to appear, look like, 'seem'	lijken	leek	geleken	‑>
		wij leken
to drive, to ride	rijden	reed	gereden	‑>>
		wij reden
to write	schrijven	schreef	geschreven	‑>>
		wij schreven
to cut (with a knife)	snijden	sneed	gesneden	‑>>
	wij sneden
to rub	wrijven	wreef	gewreven
		wij wreven
	(W before R is pronounced as Dutch V)
to be	zijn	was	geweest	‑>>
		wij waren
to do	doen	deed	gedaan	‑>>
		wij deden
to have to, 'must'	moeten	moest	gemoeten	‑>>
	(only a consonant change)
to search, look for	zoeken	zocht	gezocht	‑>>

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