Introduction to Dutch Verbs 2

The Passive Voice - de lijdende vorm

In the Passive Voice - (de) lijdende vorm 'suffering mode' - the object of a 'regular, active' sentence becomes the subject, and is subjected to some activity.

'Regular, active:'  Hij schopt de bal He kicks the ball 'Passive:'  De bal wordt geschopt The ball is kicked You can add the subject of the 'active' sentence, now the'agent' of the 'passive' sentence with 'by' in English, Dutch door ‑>>
Ik word geschopt door Jan I am kicked by Jan

active: Ik verf het huis I'm painting the house passive: Het huis wordt geverfd The house is being painted (right now, at the moment of speaking) passive: Het huis wordt door mij geverfd The house is painted by me
English 'by,' Dutch door identify the agent of the passive voice

Dutch and English both use a past participle in the passive voice, but Dutch uses the auxiliary verb worden 2 — while English uses the auxiliary verb 'to be,' which may be a bit confusing - more below

The Auxiliary Verb Worden  (~'to be')

worden ~to be

-

werd ~was

-

geworden ~been

2

The Simple Present Tense
(worden)		to be - for the passive voice
ik word		I am
jij wordt		you are (singular, informal you)
hij wordt		he is
wij worden		we are
jullie worden		you are (plural, informal you)
zij worden		they are
U wordt		you are (polite you)

In Dutch, a D at the end of a word is pronounced as T, double vowels are pronounced the same as single vowels, and DT is pronounced as T.
'Word' and 'wordt' sound exactly the same:
ik word 2 / hij wordt 2
Dutchmen often make spelling mistakes with 'word' and 'wordt,' writing 'ik wordt' or 'hij word.'

Simple Present Question Mode
(worden)		to be - for the passive voice
word ik?		am I?
word jij?		are you? (singular, informal)
wordt hij?		is he?
worden wij?		are we?
worden jullie?		are y'all?
worden zij?		are they?
wordt U?		are you? (polite)

The Simple Past Tense
(worden)		to be - for the passive voice
ik werd		I was
jij werd		you were
hij werd		he was
wij werden		we were
jullie werden		y'all were
zij werden		they were
U werd		you were

Dutch 'worden 2 can also mean 'to become' - a development, turning into - more below

Simple Tenses Examples

Ik word gevraagd 2 I am asked Ik werd gevraagd 2 I was asked

Ik werd afgeleid 2 I was distracted

Er wordt gebeld 2 [There is ringing] - 'The bell is rung' - There is someone at the door

An often-heard complaint:
"Ik word geleefd." [I am lived] ~ 'I have no life of my own,' I'm not in control

Hij wordt vermist 2 3 He is missing Hij werd gemarteld 2 He was tortured

Werd dat verwacht? 2 3 Was that expected? Dat werd verwacht That was expected Wordt er regen verwacht? 2 Is rain expected? Ik werd verrast door onweer 2 I was (unpleasantly) surprised by, 'caught in a thunderstorm'

Ik word er elke dag aan herinnerd 2 3 I'm reminded of it every day

Het kan niet ontkend worden 2 It cannot be denied

Er worden fouten gemaakt 2 Mistakes are made

Velen worden geroepen, maar weinigen worden uitgekozen Many are called, but only a few are chosen

wordt vervolgd to be continued

The Perfect Tenses of the Passive Voice

• In English, 'to be' is the auxiliary verb of the passive voice, while Dutch has worden 2 as the auxiliary verb of the passive voice
• 'Worden'  is one of a small number of Dutch verbs that use zijn (otherwise translated as 'to be') as the auxiliary verb for the perfect tenses ‑>>
• Dutch drops the past participle 'geworden'  in the perfect tenses (German doesn't drop its past participle worden) 

the simple present tense:
Het huis wordt geverfd The house is being painted (right this moment) Het huis wordt wit geverfd [The house is being painted white] ~ They are painting the house white

the perfect present tense:
Het huis is geverfd geworden The house [has been] was painted Het huis is wit geverfd geworden The house [has been] was painted white

Hij wordt door een wesp gestoken! 'He is being stung by a wasp!' - right this moment Hij is door een wesp gestoken geworden 'He has been stung by a wasp' - some time ago

geboren worden 2 to be born
Hij werd geboren in Rotterdam 2 3 He was born in Rotterdam Ze is op Kerstdag geboren geworden 2 She [has been] was born on Christmas Day Ik ben in Nederland geboren geworden I [have been] was born in Holland

Er wordt al zoveel gezegd 2 So much is being said already Er is al zoveel gezegd geworden 2 So much has been said already

Mijn fiets is gestolen geworden My bike [has been] was stolen

't Brood is gebakken geworden 'The bread [has been] was baked'

De aardappels zijn gekookt geworden 'The potatoes [have been] were boiled'

Ik ben gevraagd geworden 2 'I [has been] was asked' - to perform a task, or fill a position or job Not to be confused with:
Ik heb gevraagd 2 'I have asked' - I have put a question

Ik ben geschopt geworden I [have been] was kicked Ik ben geslagen geworden 2 3 I [have been] was slapped, hit ik heb geslagen 2 I have hit, slapped

Ik ben geholpen geworden 2 I was helped, I have been helped, I was attended to Ik heb geholpen 2 I have helped, assisted

Bent U gebeten geworden door Uw hond? 2 3 Were you bitten by your dog?

'Worden'  as 'to Become'

'geworden' 2

Laat je thee niet koud worden 2 3 Don't let your tea get cold Wat wil je later worden? What do you want to be when you grow up? (asked of children) Mannen die lui worden 2 3 Men becoming lazy

Opeens werd 't stil Suddenly it became quiet

Hij is leraar geworden 2 3 4 He's become a teacher Wat is er van hem geworden? [What] Whatever became of him? Ik had schrijver willen worden, maar ik ben spreker geworden I wanted to be a writer, but I've become a speaker

Ik word oud 2 I'm getting old Hij is oud geworden 2 3 He's gotten old - this usually means he's come to look old or his mental ability has diminished, or it could be said of a person who passed away at a respectable age Door schade en schande wijs geworden 2 3 (4) (saying) ['Having become wise' - Educated by damage and shame] - The school of hard knocks

wakker worden 2 3 ['to become awake'] - 'to wake up' Ik werd midden in de nacht wakker 2 'I woke up in the middle of the night'
more Sleep

't Wordt laat 2 It's getting late 't Wordt donker It's getting dark 't Wordt zo vroeg donker 2 3 It's getting dark so early We gingen naar huis toen 't donker werd 2 We went home when it got dark

Op den duur wordt 't makkelijker In the long run, after a while it will be easier

Further reading, many more examples:
The Passive Voice - de Lijdende vorm
'Worden'  - 'to be' for the passive voice // to become
Beginning Dutch Verbs
from the Lessons

De Toekomende Tijd - The Future Tense

zullen

Ik zal 't uitleggen	I'll explain [it]
Ik zal opschieten 2	I'll hurry
Wie zal dat betalen? 2	Who will pay for that?

In Dutch, 'secondary verbs' like infinitives and past participles are usually put at the end of the line >>

The Conjugation of Zullen

overview
zullen		will, shall
ik zal		I will/shall
wij zullen		we will/shall
ik zou		I would
wij zouden		we would
2 3

Zullen  simple present tense
(zullen )		shall/will
ik zal		I will/shall
jij zult		you will (singular, informal you)
hij zal		he will
wij zullen		we will/shall
jullie zullen		you will (plural, informal you)
zij zullen		they will
U zult		you will (polite you)

Zullen  simple present - question mode
zal ik?		will/shall I?
zul jij?		will you?
zal hij?		will he?
zullen wij?		will/shall we?
zullen jullie?		will y'all?
zullen zij?		will they?
zult U?		will you?

'Simple past tense' of Zullen  below

Future Tense Examples

Ik zal schrijven 2	I will write (letters, 'keep in touch')
Ik zal 't hun geven	I'll give it to them
Hoe zal 't aflopen?	How will it end?

Ik zal U doorverbinden 2 I'll [connect you through] transfer your call

Ik zal 't niet vergeten 2 3 4 I [will not] won't forget it

Ik zal Jan morgen in Amsterdam geld geven Tomorrow in Amsterdam I'll give Jan money

De tijd zal 't leren 2 [The] Time will [teach] tell

Iemand zal een oplosing moeten vinden Someone will have to find a solution

Morgen zal 't wel beter zijn 2 3 (I think) it will be better tomorrow

't Zal niet de eerste keer zijn 2 3 It [will not] won't be the first time

't Zal niet gemakkelijk zijn 2 It won't be easy

't Zal wel meevallen 2 3 It won't be that bad

't Zal wel niet 2 3 It's not going to happen, It won't turn out to be that way

't Zal niet meer gebeuren 2 3 4 It won't happen again (promising better behavior)

't Lachen zal je vergaan 2 3 4 5 [~Your laughter will fade] - You will not be laughing then

Je zult er geen spijt van krijgen 2 [You will not feel remorse over it] You won't be sorry

We zullen wel zien 2 We'll see

Eerlijk zullen we alles delen 2 We'll share everything fairly

We zullen 't wel overleven 2 3 "Somehow, we will survive [it]" (ironic, a very small problem)

Zal ik je een kopje thee inschenken? Shall I pour you a cup of tea?

Hoe laat zal ik je wakker maken? 2 What time shall I wake you up?

Hoe zal ik het doen? 2 3 How shall I do it? Hoe zal ik het zeggen? 2 3 How shall I say it?

Zul je voorzichtig zijn? 2 Will you be careful?

Eens zul je begrijpen ... 2 There'll come a day that you'll understand ... Ooit zul je begrijpen ... 2 Someday you'll understand ...

Hoe lang zal 't duren? 2 3 How long will it last?

Zullen we gaan zwemmen? 2 [Shall we go swimming?] - Let's go for a swim

Zullen we naar de film gaan? 2 3 [Shall we go to a movie?] - Let's go see a movie

Zullen we ergens gaan eten? [Shall we go eat somewhere?] - Let's go out for meal

Zullen we zo gaan? 2 3 Shall we go (leave) in a moment?

more Future Tense examples

Informal Future Tense

Ik ga naar huis I'm going home
Ik ga een dutje doen 2 3 I'm going to take a nap
Hij gaat naar Rotterdam 2 He's going to Rotterdam
Hij vertrekt morgen naar Afrika he's leaving for Africa tomorrow Als de dagen lengen, gaan de nachten strengen As the days get longer, the nights will get more severe (i.e. colder) morgen gaan we lijnen tomorrow we'll start dieting
Dat gaat me niet nog een keer gebeuren 2 3 That's not going to happen to me again, I'm not going to let that happen to me again more gaan

See also: hopen 2 3 'to hope'
- verwachten 2 'to expect'
- vrezen 2 3 'to fear'
van plan zijn 2 'to plan, to intend, to have in mind'

Using zou  and zouden,  the Simple Past Tense of Zullen
- Hypothetical Situations, Unconfirmed News, Rhetorical and Polite Questions Etc

'simple past tense'
ik zou		I would
jij zou		you would
hij zou		he would
wij zouden		we would
jullie zouden		y'all would
zij zouden		they would
U zou		you would

Combining the simple 'past' tense of 'zullen' with verb infinitives usually indicates a hypothetical situation, something that didn't happen, a question of uncertain outcome, a question that can't be answered or to which no answer is expected, or a polite request or statement

hypothetical, speculating

Wat zou er gebeuren? 2 What would happen?

Als ik jou was zou ik niet gaan If I were you I wouldn't go

Wat zou daar het voordeel van zijn? 2 3 4 What would be the advantage of that?

it could be

't Zou kunnen zijn dat ... 2 It could be that ...

unconfirmed news, allegedly, it was said

Er zou veel schade zijn It was said there was great damage

it didn't happen

We zouden gaan fietsen maar 't begon te regenen We were going to make a bike ride but it started to rain

wishing

Ik zou wel eens willen weten ... 2 I would like to know [sometime] ...

Ik zou zo graag ... 2 3 I would really like to ... (a great wish of mine is ...)

polite questions or statements

Wat zou U aanraden? 2 3 What would you recommend? (in a restaurant or shop)

Zou U dat nog eens willen zeggen? 2 Could you please say that again (polite 'you')

The past tense of 'zullen' is also used for rhetorical questions where you don't expect a good answer.

Zou 't gaan regenen? Is it going to rain? - no idea

Gaat 't regenen? 2 Is it going to rain? - checking the forecast, asking a knowledgeable person

Zou 't kunnen zijn dat ...? 2 Could it be that ...?

Hoe zou 't met Kees zijn? 2 3 How would it be with Kees? How would Kees be? (You're completely out of touch)

Occasionally, the present tense of 'zullen,' usually in combination with pragmatic markers like 'maar,' 'toch' or 'wel' ‑>> is used to indicate hypothetical, potential situations.

Dat zal toch wel niet ... 2 [That will not be] - I don't think that's how it is

't Zal je kind maar wezen 'Imagine it would be your child,' 'To have a child like that ...' (wezen is mild slang for zijn, 'to be')

more zou  and zouden  examples

More words and phrases about the Future:
'Time' Thesaurus - Talking about Time

Reflexive Verbs

Wikipedia says that (loosely defined) with reflexive verbs the subject — (het) onderwerp — is the same as the object — (het) lijdend voorwerp 2 — for example: Ik was mezelf 2 3 I wash myself.
Wederkerende werkwoorden 2 3 'reflexive verbs' - 'wederkeren' is an old-fashioned word meaning 'to return' and here it has the sense of 'doubling back.' The modern word for 'to return' is 'terugkeren' 2 - (de) terugkeer '(the) return' ‑>>

The Dutch reflexive pronouns come in 'short' and 'long' forms ('long forms' add -zelf,  'self') — the short form is more common.
In the infinitve of reflexive verbs Dutch uses the reflexive pronoun zich 'yourself, oneself' - or occasionally zichzelf 2
zich wassen 2 'to wash yourself, oneself, to wash up'
Ik was me 2
Ik was mezelf 2 3 I wash myself, I'm washing up We hadden ons goed gewassen 2 We had washed ourselves well

The Reflexive Pronouns

Nominative English / Dutch		Reflexive
I	ik	me mezelf
singular you	jij / je	je jezelf
he	hij	zich zichzelf
she	zij / ze	zich zichzelf
we	wij / we	ons onszelf
plural you	jullie	je jezelf
they	zij / ze	zich zichzelf
polite you	U	zich zichzelf Uzelf 2

Reflexive Verbs that Can Take other 'Objects'

zien	to see
zichzelf zien 2 3	'to see oneself'

zichzelf zien		to see oneself
ik zie mezelf		I see myself
jij ziet jezelf		you see yourself
hij ziet zichzelf		he sees himself
zij ziet zichzelf		she sees herself
wij zien onszelf		we see ourselves
jullie zien jezelf		y'all see yourselves
zij zien zichzelf		they see themselves
U ziet Uzelf U ziet zichzelf		you see youself

Ik zie mezelf 2 3 I see myself, I'm seeing myself Ik heb mezelf gezien 2 I have seen myself Ik heb mezelf op TV gezien 2 3 I have seen myself on television Zie je jezelf dat doen? 2 [Do you see yourself doing that?] Can you imagine doing that? Ik zie 't I see it Ik zie de sterren 2 I see the stars, I'm seeing the stars Ik zag de sterren I saw the stars Zie je het verschil? 2 3 Do you see the difference? Heb je haar gezicht gezien? 2 Have you seen her face?

zich verdedigen 2 3 to defend oneself

zich verdedigen		to defend oneself
ik verdedig me		I defend myself
jij verdedigt je		you defend yourself (singular, informal you)
hij verdedigt zich		he defends himself
zij verdedigt zich		she defends herself
wij verdedigen ons		we defend ourselves
jullie verdedigen je		you defend yourselves (plural, informal you)
zij verdedigen zich		they defend themselves
U verdedigt zich		you defend yourself (polite you)

Hij heeft zich goed verdedigd He [has] defended himself well But verdedigen 'to defend' is also found with 'regular' objects, for instance:
Ze verdedigde haar proefschrift She defended her PhD thesis Ik verdedig mijn standpunt 2 I'm defending my viewpoint Hij verdedigde zijn land He was defending his country Wij verdedigen ons land 2 We're defending our country

English 'to feel' can (among other things) refer both to 'inner' feelings and to the sense of touch, sensations felt on the skin. For the 'internal feelings' Dutch uses the reflexive verb zich voelen and for what's felt on the skin Dutch uses the 'regular' verb voelen 2

voelen to feel ik voel I feel ik voelde I felt ik heb gevoeld I have felt 2

zich voelen to feel ('inside') ik voel me I feel ik voelde me I felt ik heb me gevoeld I have felt 2

Ik voelde de regen op m'n gezicht 2 I felt the rain on my face Voel hoe zacht de stof is! 2 3 Feel how soft the fabric is! Hoe voel je je? 2 How are you feeling? - more Ik voel me zo vol 2 [I feel so full] I've eaten too much. Ik voel me niet lekker I don't feel well - Medical Voel je je beter? 2 Are you feeling better? Ik had me nog nooit zo ziek gevoeld 2 3 I had never before felt that sick "je je" may look funny, but it's really what Dutch people say

Some reflexive verbs have a different meaning with a 'regular' object, for instance:

zich herinneren		to remember
ik herinner me		I remember
jij herinnert je		you remember
hij herinnert zich		he remembers
zij herinnert zich		she remembers
wij herinneren ons		we remember
jullie herinneren je		y'all remember
zij herinneren zich		they remember
U herinnert zich		you remember

'Zich herinneren' means 'to remember,' bring up memories in your mind, but herinneren aan 2 3 means 'to remind,' bring something to someone else's attention, trying to make sure they don't forget

Herinner jij je ...? 2 Do you remember ...? Ik herinner me 't niet. 2 I don't remember [it.] Ik kan me 't niet herinneren. 2
(Ik kan 't me niet herinneren. ) I [can't] don't remember [it.] Nou herinner ik 't me weer. 2 Now I remember [it] [again.] ‑>> Ik herinnerde hem aan z'n belofte 2 I reminded him [of his promise] that he'd made a promise Ik herinnerde hem aan de afspraak I reminded him of the agreement, that there was an agreement Herinner me eraan 2 3 Remind me about it, remind me to ... ‑>>

A few refexive verbs have a rather different meaning without a refelxive pronoun, for instance:

zich overgeven 2	to surrender
Ik moest me overgeven 2 3	I had to surrender
overgeven 2	to throw up, to vomit
Ik moest overgeven	I had to throw up

Some of the Dutch reflexive verbs are translated in the passive voice in English, for instance zich vervelen 2 'to be bored'
Only occasionally is it used without a reflexive pronoun.

zich vervelen		to be bored
ik verveel me		I'm bored
jij verveelt je		you're bored
hij verveelt zich		he's bored
zij verveelt zich		she' bored
wij vervelen ons		we're bored
jullie vervelen je		youse are bored
zij vervelen zich		they're bored
U verveelt zich		you're bored

Verveel je je? Are you bored? (singular informal) But: Verveel ik je? 2 3 Am I boring you? Do I bore you? Verveelt U zich? Are you bored? (polite) Ik verveel me nooit 2 'I'm never bored' Ik verveel me te pletter 2 3 'I'm bored stiff' ['crushed by boredom'] - more zich vervelen and also: vervelend 'annoying, ~unpleasant' and saai 'boring'

omdraaien 2 3 to turn around
zich omdraaien 2 3 4 to turn around (when standing up) // to turn over (when lying down, like in bed) Hij draaide zich om en liep weg 2 3 He turned around and walked away Draai je nou niet nog een keer om 2 3 [Now don't turn over (in bed) another time] - Get up!

beheersen 2 to control, rule, govern
zich beheersen 2 3 'to control yourself, have a grip on your emotions' Beheers je! 2 Get a grip on yourself, behave!
- Flemish has the to Dutchmen funny phrase:
'Herpak U!' 2 Ik kan me niet beheersen 2 I can't control myself (I'm doing stupid things) Hij wist zich te beheersen 2 3 4 He was able to control himself, he kept his temper (he didn't become emotional, he did not react in anger) - more beheersen  etc.

bewegen 2 to move
zich bewegen 2 to move (your body)
Beweeg je niet! Don't move! Freeze! De minuutwijzer beweegt bijna niet meer slow The minute hand is barely moving anymore. - more bewegen

voorstellen 2 to propose, submit a plan
zich voorstellen 2 1. to introduce oneself
2. to imagine Mag ik me even voorstellen? 2 Allow me to introduce myself Ik stelde me voor 2 1. I introduced myself
2. I imagined ... Stel je voor ... 2 Imagine ... (with another intonation it could also mean: "Introduce yourself!") Stel je voor dat er geen auto's zouden zijn! 2 Imagine that there would be no cars! Stel je voor dat er geen auto's waren! 2 Imagine that there were no cars! Ik kan me voorstellen dat ... 2 3 4 I can imagine that ..., it's possible that ...

aanstellen  to appoint (to a position)
zich aanstellen 2 to behave in an exaggerated manner, usually childish, out of touch with reality Stel je niet aan! 2 Don't exaggerate, don't be childish (patronizing) Hij stelt zich aan 2 He's exaggerating, behaving like a child

branden to burn
"Je zult branden in de hel" 'You'll burn in hell' Ik heb water zien branden 2 I've seen water burn (I've seen something that's impossible) zich branden 2 3 'to burn oneself,' to get burned Ik heb me gebrand 2 3 'I burned myself,' I got burned Heb je je gebrand? 2 3 Did you burn yourself? Did you get burned? Brand je niet! 2 3 Dont get burned! (Be careful) 'To brand,' burn a mark in the skin of an animal is brandmerken 2 ('burn a mark')

Reflexive Verbs that Always Come with a Reflexive Pronoun

zich vergissen 2 3 to be mistaken

zich vergissen		to be mistaken
ik vergis me		I am mistaken
jij vergist je		you are mistaken
hij vergist zich		he is mistaken
zij vergist zich		she is mistaken
wij vergissen ons		we are mistaken
jullie vergissen je		y'all are mistaken
U vergist zich		you are mistaken

Ik kan me vergissen 2 3 4 'I [can] may be mistaken' We hebben ons vergist 2 'We were mistaken' Jullie hebben je in hem vergist 2 'You guys were mistaken about him' (de) vergissing 'honest mistake'
Alles was een vergissing [Everything was a mistake] - It was one big mistake

zich zorgen maken 2 to worry
Maak je geen zorgen over mij. Don't worry about me. Ik begon me zorgen te maken 2 3 I was starting to worry - more zorgen 2 'worries'

zich afvragen to wonder
Ik vraag me wel eens af ... 2 'Sometimes I wonder ...' Ik vraag me af of ... 2 'I wonder if ...' Ik vraag me af hoe 't komt 2 I wonder [how it comes] why it is, what causes it - more vragen 2 'to ask'

zich haasten to hurry
Haast je als je de tijd hebt,
dan heb je de tijd als je haast hebt. 'Hurry when you have time,
then you'll have time when you're in a hurry.' ‑>>

zich ontspannen 2 3 to relax
Ontspan je! 2 'Relax!'
Je moet je ontspannen 2 3 'You should relax!'

zich verbazen 2 to be surprised, amazed
't Verbaast me 2 3 I'm surprised 't Verbaast me niet 2 3 I'm not surprised 't Verbaast me niks 2 I am [zero] not surprised Ik verbaas me over het zelfvertrouwen 2 I'm surprised at the self-confidence Het zou me niet verbazen 2 'I would not be surprised' verbazingwekkend 2 3 surprising, amazing also:  Ik sta nergens meer van te kijken 2 'Nothing surprises me anymore' - Thank you, Johan!

zich ergeren 2 to be annoyed
Ik erger me dood 2 3 I'm deeply annoyed ['to death'] zich ergeren aan 2 3 4 to be annoyed by (at, with) Ik erger me aan z'n houding 2 3 4 I'm annoyed by his attitude Ik erger me aan de buren 2 3 4 I'm annoyed by the neighbors

zich vermaken 2 to be entertained, to enjoy yourself We hebben ons prima vermaakt 2 3 We [very well] really enjoyed ourselves

zich omkleden to change (clothes)
Ga je je omkleden? 2 Are you going to change? (clothes)

zich bemoeien met to meddle with, getting involved with something where you're not wanted Je moet je d'r niet mee bemoeien 2 You shouldn't meddle, stay away from it Bemoei je d'r niet mee Don't get involved with it, go away!

zich verslapen to oversleep (not get up in time) Ik had me verslapen I had overslept

Van zich laten horen 2 3 ['to let hear of yourself'] - to communicate, to be in touch - usually in the negative with:
'niet' 2 (not) or
'niks' / 'niets' ('nothing') Hij laat niks van zich horen 2 He is not in touch ('We are not hearing from him') Hij heeft niks van zich laten horen 2 He has not been in touch ('We have not heard from him') Ze laten niet van zich horen 2 They are not in touch ('We are not hearing from them') We hadden iets van ons moeten laten horen 2 3 We should have been in touch, we should have contacted

zich schamen 2 3 to be ashamed Je moest je schamen 2 You ought to, should be ashamed of yourself (de) schaamte shame ‑>>
There is no simple Dutch verb for English 'to shame, make someone feel ashamed'

zich gedragen 2 3 'to behave'
a strong verb:
gedragen to behave	-	gedroeg behaved	-	gedragen behaved

zich gedragen		to behave
ik gedraag me		I'm behaving
ik gedroeg me		I behaved
ik heb me gedragen		I have behaved
2

Maak 't jezelf gemakkelijk 2 3 [Make it easy for yourself] - Do it in an easy way, don't make it too complicated Maak 't je gemakkelijk 2 3 Make yourself comfortable (relax etc.)

Reflexive Pronouns by Themselves

Ik heb geen moment voor mezelf 2 I [have no moment] don't have a moment to myself Hoe weinig tijd er is voor mezelf 2 How little time there is to myself Heb Uw naaste lief als Uzelf 2 Love your neighbor like yourself Jij denkt alleen aan jezelf 2 3 You're only thinking of yourself (an egotist) tricky:  Ik was niet mezelf 2 3 I was not my usual self ('was'  is also the singular simple past tense of zijn 'to be' — and 'I don't wash myself' would be Ik was mezelf niet)
zeker van mezelf 2 3 [certain of myself] - self-confident, self-assured zeker van jezelf 2 [certain of yourself] - self-confident, self-assured Hou je jezelf voor de gek? 2 3 4 Are you fooling, deceiving yourself?

More about 'zelf,'  'zichzelf,'  and 'yourself, oneself' ‑>>







Page in Progress

De Duurvorm - A Dutch Continuous/Progressive

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Gij zult niet stelen 'Thou shalt not steal'