Get to Know the Common Dutch Verbs

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Example

gaan

gaan to go

-

ging went

-

gegaan gone

2

gaan		to go
ik ga		I go
wij gaan		we go
ik ging		I went
wij gingen		we went
ik ben gegaan		I have gone
		the 'gaan' page

simple present tense
gaan		to go
ik ga		I go
jij gaat		you go (singular, informal you)
hij gaat		he goes
wij gaan		we go
jullie gaan		you go (plural, informal you)
zij gaan		they go
U gaat		you go (polite you)
2

Gaan, gaat  and ga  all have a 'long A' . As you'd expect, double A is 'long,' but why is the A in ga  long? Dutch spelling & pronunciation rules say that a single vowel as the last letter of a syllable is 'long,' while a single vowel followed by a consonant at the end of a syllable is 'short' (hear 'short A:' ) A syllable ending in a vowel is called 'open' while a syllable ending in a consonant is called 'closed.'
(de) la drawer
laat late, not in/on time
lat slat, small wooden board
late (la-te) late, not in/on time
more: The Beauty and Logic of Dutch Spelling

For the perfect tenses, most Dutch verbs use the auxiliary verb hebben ('to have') ‑>> but a small group of common verbs, mostly verbs of motion, have zijn ‑>> (otherwise translated as 'to be') as auxiliary verb. ‑>>

When the verb comes before the personal pronoun, like in question mode, the verb form for the second person singular is the verb stem, does not get a T-ending:

ga ik?		am I going?
ga jij?		are you going?
gaat hij?		is he going?
gaan wij?		are we going?
gaan jullie?		are y'all going?
gaan zij?		are they going?
gaat U?		are you going?

In the simple past tense there is just one verb form for the singular and one for the plural:

simple past tense
(gaan)		to go
ik ging		I went
jij ging		you went
hij ging		he went
wij gingen		we went
jullie gingen		y'all went
zij gingen		they went
U ging		you went
2

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English List

Dutch List

The Common Dutch Verbs

Komen 'to come' is a strong verb:

komen to come

-

kwam came

-

gekomen come

komen		to come
ik kom		I come
wij komen		we come
ik kwam		I came
wij kwamen		we came
ik ben gekomen		I have come
		the 'Komen' page

In the present tense, komen has a 'short O' in the singular, but a 'long O' in the plural - that's common with A in the past tense of strong verbs, but a vowel change in the present tense is very unusual. I can't think of another verb that does that.
Like almost all strong verbs with an A in the past tense, that A is a 'short A' in the singular, but a 'long A' in the plural

Aankomen 2 1. 'to arrive' 2. 'to gain weight' 3. 'to touch'
is a strong verb:

aankomen		to arrive
ik kom aan		I arrive
wij komen aan		we arrive
ik kwam aan		I arrived
wij kwamen aan		we arrived
ik ben aangekomen		I have arrived
		more

Gaan 'to go' is a strong verb:

gaan to go

-

ging went

-

gegaan gone

2

gaan		to go
ik ga		I go
wij gaan		we go
ik ging		I went
wij gingen		we went
ik ben gegaan		I have gone
		the 'gaan' page

vertrekken 'to depart, leave'
is a strong verb:

vertrekken		to depart
ik vertrek		I depart
wij vertrekken		we depart
ik vertrok		I departed
wij vertrokken		we departed
ik ben vertrokken		I have departed
2		‑>>

Blijven 2 'to stay, remain, keep, continue' is a strong verb:

blijven to stay

-

bleef bleef

-

gebleven stayed

blijven		to stay
ik blijf		I'm staying
wij blijven		we're staying
ik bleef		I stayed
wij bleven		we stayed
ik ben gebleven		I have stayed
		the 'Blijven' page
		the F/V and Z/S shift

Wachten
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

wachten		to wait
ik wacht		I'm waiting
wij wachten		we're waiting
ik wachtte		I waited
wij wachtten		we waited
ik heb gewacht		I have waited
2

wachten		to wait
ik wacht		I'm waiting
jij wacht		you're waiting (singular, informal you)
hij wacht		he's waiting
wij wachten		we're waiting
jullie wachten		you're waiting (plural, informal you)
zij wachten		they're waiting
U wacht		you are waiting (polite you)
2		‑>>

Worden 2 is the auxiliary verb for the passive voice in Dutch ('to be' in English) but it can also mean 'to become.'
'Worden'  is a strong verb:

worden to become to be

-

werd became was/were

-

geworden became been *

2

worden		~ to become
ik word		I'm becoming
wij worden		we're becoming
ik werd		I became
wij werden		we became
ik ben geworden		I have become
		the 'Worden' page

Beginnen 'to start, begin' is a strong verb:

beginnen to begin, start

-

begon began

-

begonnen begun

2

beginnen		to begin, start
ik begin		I'm beginning
wij beginnen		we're beginning
ik begon		I began
wij begonnen		we began
ik ben begonnen		I have begun
2 3		more

Krijgen is 'to get' - to receive, acquire, to be given - often without any or little effort, like presents, or 'by itself,' it just happens. See also Halen 2 below
'Krijgen' is a strong verb:

krijgen to get

-

kreeg got

-

gekregen got

krijgen		to get
ik krijg		I get
wij krijgen		we get
ik kreeg		I got
wij kregen		we got
ik heb gekregen		I have gotten
2		the 'Krijgen' page

Geven 2 3 'to give' is a strong verb:

geven to give

-

gaf gave

-

gegeven given

geven		to give
ik geef		I give
wij geven		we give
ik gaf		I gave
wij gaven		we gave
ik heb gegeven		I have given
2		the 'Geven' page

'short A'

'long A'

Nemen 'to take' is a strong verb:

nemen to take

-

nam took

-

genomen taken

nemen		to take
ik neem		I take
wij nemen		we take
ik nam		I took
wij namen		we took
ik heb genomen		I have taken
2		the 'Nemen' page

'short A'

'long A'

Halen 2 'to get, collect, obtain, acquire' (think of 'to haul') with some effort, some action required.
'Krijgen' can also be translated as 'to get,' but it is usually with less effort, like presents, 'to be given' see also Krijgen above and the 'Krijgen' page

Halen 2 is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

halen		to get
ik haal		I get
wij halen		we get
ik haalde		I got
wij haalden		we got
ik heb gehaald		I have gotten
2		the 'Halen' page

Brengen 2 'to bring' is a strong verb:

brengen to bring

-

bracht brought

-

gebracht brought

brengen		to bring
ik breng		I bring
wij brengen		we bring
ik bracht		I brought
wij brachten		we brought
ik heb gebracht		I have brought
2		the 'Brengen' page

Houden 2 3 4 to 'hold,' 'to keep' is a strong verb:

houden to 'hold'

-

hield held

-

gehouden held

houden		to hold
ik houd		I'm holding
wij houden		we're holding
ik hield		I held
wij hielden		we held
ik heb gehouden		I have held
		The 'Houden' page

'Houden' is most often found as
Houden van 'to love, to like'

houden van		to love, to like
ik houd van		I love
wij houden van		we love
ik hield van		I loved
wij hielden van		we loved
ik heb gehouden van		I have loved
		more 'houden van'

Laten is often combined with other verbs, in the meaning of to 'let,' allow, or 'make' etc. The other verb will be in the infinitive form and without 'te' - more
Laten can also appear 'by itself,' without other verbs, and can then also mean 'to let,' allow, or sometimes it's translated as 'to leave, leaving.'
Laten is a strong verb:

laten to 'let'

-

liet let

-

gelaten let

laten		to 'let,' allow
ik laat		I let
wij laten		we let
ik liet		I let
wij lieten		we let
ik heb gelaten		I have let
2		the 'Laten' page

Laten Zien 2 ['to let see'] - to show

laten zien		to show
ik laat zien		I'm showing
wij laten zien		we're showing
ik liet zien		I showed
wij lieten zien		we showed
ik heb laten zien		I have shown
		more

Laten Vallen 2 ['to let fall'] - to drop

laten vallen		to drop
ik laat vallen		I drop
wij laten vallen		we drop
ik liet vallen		I dropped
wij lieten vallen		we dropped
ik heb laten vallen		I have dropped
		more

Maken 'to make'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

maken		to make
ik maak		I make
wij maken		we make
ik maakte		I made
wij maakten		we made
ik heb gemaakt		I have made
2		the 'Maken' page

Zetten The Dutch verb zetten  is like English 'to put' - its main meaning is to place or position something (or sometimes a person) somewhere.
Zetten easily combines with various prepositions keeping most of its original meaning.
Zetten 'to put' (etc.) is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

zetten		to put
ik zet		I'm putting
wij zetten		we're putting
ik zette		I put
wij zetten		we put
ik heb gezet		I have put
2		the 'Zetten' page

sturen 'to send' is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more
'Sturen' can also mean 'to steer,' control direction, movement

sturen		to send
ik stuur		I'm sending
wij sturen		we're sending
ik stuurde		I sent
wij stuurden		we sent
ik heb gestuurd		I have sent
2

(het) stuur 2 3 steering wheel // handlebars
(het) stuurwiel steering wheel (ship)
besturen to steer, drive // to operate, control // to control, govern, rule, run (de) bestuurder driver, operator // administrator, governor, ruler (de) stuurman 2 3 ship officer
stuurlui 2 3 / stuurlieden 2 ship officers
De beste stuurlui staan aan wal 'The best ship officers are on the shore'
It's easy to criticize from a distance, when you're not involved [het] stuurboord 2 3 4 starboard - 'right'
[(het)] bakboord 2 3 4 port - 'left'
overstuur 2 3 upset, shaken up
Hij was helemaal overstuur 2 3 He was completely shaken up, disturbed, not his usual self

Lijken to look like,' meaning 'appear to be in a certain way,' 'giving an impression of' or 'noting a similarity, a resemblance' - often as lijken op 2 3
Lijken is a strong verb:

lijken to look like

-

leek looked like

-

geleken looked like

lijken		~to look like
't lijkt		it looks like
ze lijken		they look like
't leek		it looked like
ze leken		they looked like
't heeft geleken		it (has) looked like
2		more

Blijken does not have a clear equivalent in English. It means something like being found different from a first impression. I usually translate it as 'to turn out.' Maybe you could also use 'come to light.'
Blijken is a strong verb:
blijken / bleek / gebleken

blijken		~to turn out
het blijkt		it turns out
ze blijken		'they turn out'
het bleek		it turned out
ze bleken		'they turned out'
het is gebleken		it has turned out
2 3 4		more

Zijn ('to be') is a very common Dutch verb, and like most often-used verbs it is rather irregular.
Zijn  is the auxilary verb for the perfect tenses of a minority of Dutch verbs.
Zijn  is a strong verb:

zijn to be

-

was was

-

geweest been

zijn		to be
ik ben		I am
wij zijn		we are
ik was		I was
wij waren		we were
ik ben geweest		I have been
2		the 'Zijn' page

simple present tense
zijn		to be
ik ben		I am
jij bent		you are	(singular, informal you)
hij is		he is
wij zijn		we are
jullie zijn		you are	(plural, informal you)
zij zijn		they are
U bent		you are	(polite you)

Doen 2 3 'to do' is a strong verb

doen to do

deed did

gedaan done

doen		to do
ik doe		I do
wij doen		we do
ik deed		I did
wij deden		we did
ik heb gedaan		I have done
2		the 'Doen' page

Hebben 'to have' - and also the auxiliary verb for the perfect tenses of a majority of Dutch verbs is a somewhat irregular and strong verb:

hebben to have

-

had had

-

had gehad

hebben		to have
ik heb		I have
wij hebben		we have
ik had		I had
wij hadden		we had
ik heb gehad		I have had
2		the 'Hebben' page

simple present tense
hebben		to have
ik heb		I have
jij hebt		you have	(singular, informal you)
hij heeft		he has
wij hebben		we have
jullie hebben		you have	(plural, informal you)
zij hebben		they have
U heeft		you have	(polite you)

Zeggen' 2 3 'to say' is a strong verb:

zeggen to say

-

zei said

-

gezegd said

'Zeggen' has an unusual change from a vowel to a diphthong in the past tense and an also unusual added D in the plural of the past tense. It's somewhat like the English.

zeggen		to say
ik zeg		I say
wij zeggen		we say
ik zei		I said
wij zeiden		we said
ik heb gezegd		I have said
		the 'Zeggen' page

Spreken 'to speak' is a strong verb:

spreken to speak

-

sprak spoke

-

gesproken spoken

spreken		to speak
ik spreek		I speak
wij spreken		we speak
ik sprak		I spoke
wij spraken		we spoke
ik heb gesproken		I have spoken
		the 'Spreken' page

'short A'

'long A'

Praten 'to talk, to chat'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

praten		to talk, to chat
ik praat		I 'm talking
wij praten		we're talking
ik praatte		I was talking
wij praatten		we were talking
ik heb gepraat		I have been talking
2 3 4		the 'Praten' page

Vertellen 2 'to tell'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

vertellen		to tell
ik vertel		I tell
wij vertellen		we tell
ik vertelde		I told
wij vertelden		we told
ik heb verteld		I have told
2		more

Zien 'to see' is a strong verb

zien to see

-

zag saw

-

gezien seen

zien		to see
ik zie		I see
wij zien		we see
ik zag		I saw
wij zagen		we saw
ik heb gezien		I have seen
2		the 'Zien' page

'short A'

'long A'

Kijken 'to look' is a strong verb:

kijken to look

-

keek looked

-

gekeken looked

kijken		to look
ik kijk		I am looking
wij kijken		we are looking
ik keek		I looked
wij keken		we looked
ik heb gekeken		I have looked
		the 'Kijken' page

Horen 2 'to hear'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

horen		to hear
ik hoor		I hear
wij horen		we hear
ik hoorde		I heard
wij hoorden		we heard
ik heb gehoord		I have heard
		the 'Horen' page

Luisteren 'to listen'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

luisteren		to listen
ik luister		I am listening
wij luisteren		we are listening
ik luisterde		I was listening
wij luisterden		we were listening
ik heb geluisterd		I have been listening
2		more

Weten - to know things, to have knowledge of -
Weten is a strong verb, meaning it has a vowel change for the past tense - and weten also has a consonant change in the past tense

weten to know

- -

wist knew

- -

geweten known

2

weten		to know
ik weet		I know
wij weten		we know
ik wist		I knew
wij wisten		we knew
ik heb geweten		I have known
2		the 'Weten' page

Kennen means 'to know' in the sense of means 'to know people' and 'to be familiar with, know of things'
'Kennen' is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

kennen		to know (people)
ik ken		I know
wij kennen		we know
ik kende		I knew
wij kenden		we knew
ik heb gekend		I have known
		the 'Kennen' page

vragen 2 'to ask' is a strong verb:

vragen to ask

-

vroeg asked

-

gevraagd asked

vragen		to ask
ik vraag		I'm asking
wij vragen		we're asking
ik vroeg		I asked
wij vroegen		we asked
ik heb gevraagd		I have asked
2		the Vragen  page

dragen 2 'to carry' is a strong verb:

dragen to carry

-

droeg carried

-

gedragen carried

Denken 2 'to think' is a strong verb:

denken to think

-

dacht thought

-

gedacht thought

denken		to think
ik denk		I think
ik dacht		I thought
ik heb gedacht		I have thought
2		the Denken  page

wij dachten 2 3 we thought, we were thinking

Leren 2 'to learn' // 'to teach'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

leren		to learn / to teach
ik leer		I'm learning
wij leren		we're learning
ik leerde		I learned
wij leerden		we learned
ik heb geleerd		I have learned
2		the Leren  page

Leren 2 can mean 'to teach' or 'to learn.' Which one is ususally clear from the context. The 'to teach' meaning is often combined with a personal pronoun or a name:

Leer de regels Learn the rules Leer me de regels Teach me the rules Ik heb veel geleerd 2 3 I have learned [much] many things, a lot Ik heb jullie veel geleerd 2 I have taught you guys many things

Leiden 'to lead'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

leiden		to lead
ik leid		I'm leading
wij leiden		we're leading
ik leidde		I led
wij leidden		we led
ik heb geleid		I have led
2 3		the lijden/leiden  page

Lijden 2 'to suffer' is a strong verb:

lijden to suffer

-

leed suffered

-

geleden suffered

2

lijden		to suffer
ik lijd		I'm suffering
wij lijden		we're suffering
ik leed		I suffered
wij leden		we suffered
ik heb geleden		I have suffered
2		the lijden/leiden  page

Mogen 2 'may, to be allowed to' is a rather irregular strong verb:

mogen 'may'

-

mocht 'might'

-

gemogen allowed

mogen		'may,' 'to be allowed to'
ik mag		'I may'
wij mogen		'we may'
ik mocht		'I might'
wij mochten		'we might'
(ik heb gemogen		I was allowed)
		the 'Mogen' page

simple present tense
mogen		'may,' to be allowed to
ik mag		'I may'
jij mag		'you may' (singular, informal you)
hij mag		'he may'
wij mogen		'we may'
jullie mogen		'you may' (plural, informal you)
zij mogen		'they may'
U mag		'you may' (polite you)

It's a bit like English that doesn't say 'he mays'

Moeten 2 (to Have to, 'be obliged to,' 'Ought to,' 'Should,' 'Must') is a very unusual strong verb: it's not the vowel/diphthong that changes for the past tense, but a consonant is added (I can't think of any other Dutch strong verb that only has a consonant change)

moeten to have to

-

moest had to

-

(gemoeten) had to

moeten		to have to (etc.)
ik moet		I have to
wij moeten		we have to
ik moest		I had to
wij moesten		we had to
2		the 'Moeten' page

Zullen' is the auxiliary verb for the Dutch future tense: 'will, shall' - it's a strong verb

zullen		will, shall
ik zal		I will
wij zullen		we will
ik zou		I would
wij zouden		we would
2 3		the 'Zullen' page - 2

simple present tense
(zullen )		shall/will
ik zal		I will/shall
jij zult		you will (singular, informal you)
hij zal		he will
wij zullen		we will/shall
jullie zullen		you will (plural, informal you)
zij zullen		they will
U zult		you will (polite you)

Willen 2 'to want, wish, desire, would like to'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

willen		to want (etc.)
ik wil		I want
wij willen		we want
ik wilde		I wanted
wij wilden		we wanted
ik heb gewild		I have wanted
		the 'Willen' page

The Simple Present Tense:

willen		to want
ik wil		I want
jij wilt		you (singular, informal) want
hij wil		he wants
wij willen		we want
jullie willen		you (plural, informal) want
zij willen		they
U wilt		you (polite) want

hij wil 2 3

je wilt 2

Kunnen 'can,' to be able to, to be possible, to be allowed to is a rather irregular strong verb

kunnen 'can'

-

kon could

-

(gekund) (been able)

kunnen		'can,' 'to be able to'
ik kan		I can
wij kunnen		we can
ik kon		I could
wij konden		we could
(ik heb gekund)		I have been able to
		the 'Kunnen' page

kunnen		'can,' 'to be able to'
ik kan		I can
jij kunt		you (singular, informal you) can
hij kan		he can
wij kunnen		we can
jullie kunnen		you (plural, informal you) can
zij kunnen		they can
U kunt		you (polite you) can

Zoeken 2 'to search, to seek' is a strong verb:

zoeken to search, to seek

-

zocht searched, sought

-

gezocht searched, sought

2

zoeken		to search, to seek
ik zoek		I'm searching
wij zoeken		we're searching
ik zocht		I searched, I sought
wij zochten		we searched, we sought
ik heb gezocht		I have searched, I have sought
2		the 'Zoeken' page

Vinden 2 'to find' can mean 'to find,' locate something, often an item that was lost or that you're looking for, but it can also mean 'to think,' stating an opinion
Vinden is a strong verb:

vinden to find

-

vond found

-

gevonden found

vinden		to find
ik vind		I find
wij vinden		we find
ik vond		I found
wij vonden		we found
ik heb gevonden		I have found
2		the 'Vinden' page

Begrijpen 'to understand'
English 'To understand' has a double meaning. It can mean 'to know the how or why of something' - in Dutch that is begrijpen Begrijpen is a strong verb:

begrijpen to understand

-

begreep understood

-

begrepen understood

begrijpen		to understand
ik begrijp		I understand
wij begrijpen		we understand
ik begreep		I understood
wij begrepen		we understood
ik heb begrepen		I have understood
		more

Verstaan 2 'to understand'
English 'to understand' can also mean 'to hear what is said.' In Dutch, that is 'verstaan' 2. It is also used in the meaning 'to understand a foreign language.'
'Verstaan' is a strong verb:

verstaan to understand

-

verstond understood

-

verstaan understood

2

verstaan		to understand, hear what is said
ik versta		I understand
wij verstaan		we understand
ik verstond		I understood
wij verstonden		we understood
ik heb verstaan		I have understood
2		more

Eten 'to eat' is a strong verb:

eten to eat

-

at ate

-

gegeten eaten

eten		to eat
ik eet		I'm eating
wij eten		we're eating
ik at		I ate
wij aten		we ate
ik heb gegeten		I have eaten
2		the 'Eten' page

Drinken 'to drink' is a strong verb:

drinken to drink

-

dronk drank

-

gedronken drunk

drinken		to drink
ik drink		I drink
wij drinken		we drink
ik dronk		I drank
wij dronken		we drank
ik heb gedronken		I have drunk
		the 'Drinken' page

Lezen' 2 3 'to read' is a strong verb:

lezen to read

-

las read

-

gelezen read

'short A'

'long A'

lezen		to read
ik lees		I read
wij lezen		we read
ik las		I read
wij lazen		we read
ik heb gelezen		I have read
		the 'Lezen' page
		the F/V and Z/S shift

Schrijven 2 3 'to write' is a strong verb:

schrijven to write

-

schreef wrote

-

geschreven written

schrijven		to write
ik schrijf		I write
wij schrijven		we write
ik schreef		I wrote
wij schreven		we wrote
ik heb geschreven		I have written
		the 'Schrijven' page
		the F/V and Z/S shift

Bidden 'to pray' is a strong verb:

bidden to pray

-

bad prayed

-

gebeden prayed

'short A'

'long A'

bidden		to pray
ik bid		I prqy
wij bidden		we pray
ik bad		I prayed
wij baden		we prayed
ik heb gebeden		I have prayed
2		more

Hopen 2 'to hope'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

hopen		to hope
ik hoop		I hope
wij hopen		we hope
ik hoopte		I hoped
wij hoopten		we hoped
ik heb gehoopt		I have hoped
2		the 'Hopen' page

Lachen 2 'to laugh'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

lachen		to laugh
ik lach		I'm laughing
ik lachte		I laughed
ik heb gelachen		I have laughed

ik lach		I'm laughing
jij lacht		you laugh (singular, informal you)
hij lacht		he laughs
wij lachen		we laugh
jullie lachen		you laugh (plural, informal you)
zij lachen		they laugh
U lacht		you laugh (polite you)
		‑>>

Verwachten 2 'to expect'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

verwachten		to expect
ik verwacht		I expect
wij verwachten		we expect
ik verwachtte		I expected
wij verwachtten		we expected
ik heb verwacht		I have expected
		more

ik had verwacht 2 I had expected

Huilen 'to cry, shed tears'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

		to cry
ik huil		I'm crying
wij huilen		we're crying
ik huilde		I cried
wij huilden		we cried
ik heb gehuild		I have cried
		more

Schreeuwen 'screaming, shouting, making loud noise'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more
Note that CH in SCHR is not pronounced

schreeuwen		to shout
ik schreeuw		I'm shouting
wij schreeuwen		we're shouting
ik schreeuwde		I shouted
wij schreeuwden		we shouted
ik heb geschreeuwd		I have shouted
		more

Kopen 'to buy' is a strong verb:

kopen to buy

-

kocht bought

-

gekocht bought

kopen		to buy
ik koop		I buy
wij kopen		we buy
ik kocht		I bought
wij kochten		we bought
ik heb gekocht		I have bought
		the 'Kopen' page

Huren to rent, lease, hire
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

huren		to rent, lease
ik huur		I'm renting
wij huren		we're renting
ik huurde		I rented
wij huurden		we rented
ik heb gehuurd		I have rented
		more

Betalen 'to pay'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

betalen		to pay
ik betaal		I pay
wij betalen		we pay
ik betaalde		I paid
wij betaalden		we paid
ik heb betaald		I have paid
2 3 4		more

Lenen 2 'to borrow // to lend'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

lenen		to borrow // to lend
ik leen		I borrow
wij lenen		we borrow
ik leende		I borrowed
wij leenden		we borrowed
ik heb geleend		I have borrowed
2		more

Verkopen 'to sell' is a strong verb like its root 'kopen' - above

verkopen		to sell
ik verkoop		I'm selling
wij verkopen		we're selling
ik verkocht		I sold
wij verkochten		we sold
ik heb verkocht		I have sold
2		more

Verdelen 2 3 to divide // to distribute
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

verdelen		to divide // to distribute
ik verdeel		I divide // distribute
wij verdelen		we divide // distribute
ik verdeelde		I divided // distributed
wij verdeelden		we divided // distributed
ik heb verdeeld		I have divided // distributed
2		‑>>

Lopen 2 is from the same root as English 'to leap,' but meaning changed Lopen 'to walk' is a strong verb:

lopen to walk

-

liep walked

-

gelopen walked

2

'Lopen'   can sometimes be better translated as 'to hike' or even 'to run'

lopen		to walk
ik loop		I'm walking
wij lopen		we're walking
ik liep		I walked
wij liepen		we walked
ik ben gelopen		I have walked
ik heb gelopen		I have walked
2		the 'Lopen' page

hardlopen 2 3 ["to walk fast"] - 'to run' .

hardlopen		to run
ik loop hard		I run
ik liep hard		I ran
ik heb hardgelopen		I have run
2 3		more

Rennen 2 'to run' often has a sense of hurry, rushing

rennen		to run
ik ren		I run
wij rennen		we run
ik rende		I ran
wij renden		we ran
ik heb gerend ik ben gerend		I have run
		more

Wandelen to stroll, hike, walk
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more
(The verb stem wandel ends in 'voiceless E' followed by a consonant. 'Voiceless E' will remain voiceless E, a single vowel, and the consonant is not doubled.)
For heb/ben see

wandelen		to stroll
ik wandel		I stroll
wij wandelen		we stroll
ik wandelde		I strolled
wij wandelden		we strolled
ik heb gewandeld ik ben gewandeld		I have strolled
		more

Fietsen 2 'to ride a bicycle' is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

fietsen		to ride a bicycle
ik fiets		I'm riding a bicycle
wij fietsen		we're riding bicycles
ik fietste		I rode a bicycle
wij fietsten		we rode bicycles
ik ben gefietst ik heb gefietst		I have ridden a bicycle
			much more

Springen 2 3 'to jump' (to spring?) is a strong verb:

springen to jump

-

sprong jumped

-

gesprongen jumped

springen		to jump
ik spring		I jump
wij springen		we jump
ik sprong		I jumped
wij sprongen		we jumped
ik heb gesprongen ik ben gesprongen		I have jumped

Zwemmen 'to swim' is a strong verb:

zwemmen to swim

-

zwom swam

-

gezwommen swum

zwemmen		to swim
ik zwem		I swim
wij zwemmen		we swim
ik zwom		I swam
wij zwommen		we swam
ik heb gezwommen ik ben gezwommen		I have swum
			more

Rijden 2 'to ride // to drive' is a strong verb:

rijden to ride/to drive

-

reed rode/drove

-

gereden ridden/driven

(het) paard 2)

rijden		to ride // to drive
ik rijd		I'm riding/driving
wij rijden		we're riding/driving
ik reed		I rode/drove
wij reden		we rode/drove
ik heb gereden ik ben gereden		I have ridden/driven
2		the 'Rijden' page

Vliegen 'to fly' is a strong verb:

vliegen to fly

-

vloog flew

-

gevlogen flown

2

vliegen		to fly
ik vlieg		I'm flying
wij vliegen		we're flying
ik vloog		I flew
wij vlogen		we flew
ik heb gevlogen ik ben gevlogen		I have flown
2

Vluchten 'to flee, escape'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

vluchten		to flee, escape
ik vlucht		I'm fleeing
wij vluchten		we're fleeing
ik vluchtte		I escaped
wij vluchtten		we escaped
ik ben gevlucht		I have fled

Bewegen 2 3 'to move' (your body) is a strong verb:

bewegen to move

-

bewoog moved

-

bewogen moved

bewegen		to move (your body)
ik beweeg		I move
wij bewegen		we moved
ik bewoog		I moved
wij bewogen		we moved
ik heb bewogen		I have moved
		more

To 'move' as going to live in another house, in another place or country is verhuizen 2 3 - more

Zitten 'to sit, be sitting' is a strong verb:

zitten to sit

-

zat sat

-

gezeten sat

zitten		to sit, be sitting
ik zit		I'm sitting
wij zitten		we're sitting
ik zat		I sat
wij zaten		we sat
ik heb gezeten		I have sat
2		the 'Zitten' page

'short A'

'long A'

Staan 'to stand' is a strong verb:

staan to stand

-

stond stood

-

gestaan stood

2

staan		to stand
ik sta		I'm standing
wij staan		w're standing
ik stond		I stood
wij stonden		we stood
ik heb gestaan		I have stood
2		the 'Staan' page

Wonen 2 'to live, reside'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

wonen		to live, reside
ik woon		I live
wij wonen		we live
ik woonde		I lived
wij woonden		we lived
ik heb gewoond		I have lived
		more

leven 2 - more - 2

Liggen 2 'to lie (down)' is a strong verb:

liggen to lie down

-

lag lay

-

gelegen lain

		to lie down
ik lig		I'm lying down
wij liggen		we're lying down
ik lag		I lay down
wij lagen		we lay down
ik heb gelegen		I have lain down
		the 'Liggen' page

'short A'

'long A'

Leggen 'to lay'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

leggen		to lay
ik leg		I lay
wij leggen		we lay
ik legde		I laid
wij legden		we laid
ik heb gelegd		I have laid
2		more

Liegen 'to lie, tell untruths, say what is not' is a strong verb:

liegen to lie

-

loog lied

-

gelogen lied

liegen		to lie, tell lies
ik lieg		I lie
wij liegen		we lie
ik loog		I lied
wij logen		we lied
ik heb gelogen		I have lied
		more

Duwen 'to push'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

duwen		to push
ik duw		I push
wij duwen		we push
ik duwde		I pushed
wij duwden		we pushed
ik heb geduwd		I have pushed
		‑>>

Trekken 2 3 'to pull' is a strong verb:

trekken to pull

-

trok pulled

-

getrokken pulled

trekken		to pull
ik trek		I pull
wij trekken		we pull
ik trok		I pulled
wij trokken		we pulled
ik heb getrokken		I have pulled
		‑>>

Optillen 'to lift, to lift up'
- a splitting verb
of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

optillen		to lift
ik til op		I'm lifting
wij tillen op		we're lifting
ik tilde op		I lifted
wij tilden op		we lifted
ik heb opgetild		I have lifted
		more

Gooien 'to throw'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

gooien		to throw
ik gooi		I'm throwing
wij gooien		we're throwing
ik gooide		I threw
wij gooiden		we threw
ik heb gegooid		I have thrown

Grijpen 'to grab, to catch, to get hold of' is a strong verb:

grijpen to grab

-

greep grabbed

-

gegrepen grabbed

grijpen		to grab
ik grijp		I'm grabbing
wij grijpen		we're grabbing
ik greep		I grabbed
wij grepen		we grabbed
ik heb gegrepen		I have grabbed
		more

Vallen 'to fall' is a strong verb:

vallen to fall

-

viel fell

-

gevallen fallen

vallen		to fall
ik val		I'm falling
wij vallen		we're falling
ik viel		I fell
wij vielen		we fell
ik ben gevallen		I have fallen
		the 'Vallen' page

Schudden 'to shake'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

schudden		to shake
ik schud		I shake
wij schudden		we shake
ik schudde		I shook
wij schudden		we shook
ik heb geschud		I have shaken

Slaan 2 'to hit, slap' is a strong verb:

slaan to slap, hit

-

sloeg slapped, hit

-

geslagen slapped, hit

slaan		to slap
ik sla		I slap
wij slaan		we slap
ik sloeg		I slapped
wij sloegen		we slapped
ik heb geslagen		I have slapped
		more

Schoppen 'to kick'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

schoppen		to kick
ik schop		I kick
wij schoppen		we kick
ik schopte		I kicked
wij schopten		we kicked
ik heb geschopt		I have kicked
		sample sentences

Breken 'to crack, break' is a strong verb:

breken to crack, to break

-

brak cracked, broke

-

gebroken cracked, broken

breken		to break
ik breek		I break
wij breken		we break
ik brak		I broke
wij braken		we broke
ik heb gebroken		I have broken
	‑>>

Snijden 2 'to cut (with a knife)' is a strong verb:

snijden to cut (w/ knife)

-

sneed cut

-

gesneden cut

snijden		to cut (w/ knife)
ik snij(d)		I'm cutting
wij snijden		we're cutting
ik sneed		I was cutting
wij sneden		we were cutting
ik heb gesneden		I have cut
		more

Knippen 'to cut (with scissors)'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

		to cut (w/ scissors)
ik knip		I'm cutting
wij knippen		we're cutting
ik knipte		I was cutting
wij knipten		we were cutting
ik heb geknipt		I have cut
		more

Plakken 'to paste, glue'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

plakken		to paste, glue
ik plak		I paste
wij plakken		we paste
ik plakte		I pasted
wij plakten		we pasted
ik heb geplakt		I have pasted

Wassen 2 'to wash, to launder'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is (usually) -T - more

wassen		to wash
ik was		I'm washing
wij wassen		we're washing
ik waste		I washed
wij wasten		we washed
ik heb gewassen		I have washed
		more - 2 - See also

Wrijven 2 'to rub' - W before R is pronounced as V - is a strong verb:

wrijven to rub

-

wreef rubbed

-

gewreven rubbed

wrijven		to rub
ik wrijf		I'm rubbing
wij wrijven		we're rubbing
ik wreef		I rubbed
wij wreven		we rubbed
ik heb gewreven		I have rubbed
		the F/V and Z/S shift

Bedekken 2 'to cover'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

bedekken		to cover
ik bedek		I cover
wij bedekken		we cover
ik bedekte		I covered
wij bedekten		we cover
ik heb bedekt		I have covered

Werken 'to work'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

werken		to work
ik werk		I work
wij werken		we work
ik werkte		I worked
wij werkten		we worked
ik heb gewerkt		I have worked
		more

Spelen 'to play'
is a weak verb of the non-'t kofschip class: verb stems not ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -DE and -DEN and its past participle ending is -D - more

spelen		to play
ik speel		I'm playing
wij spelen		we're playing
ik speelde		I played
wij speelden		we played
ik heb gespeeld		I have played
2		more

Rusten 2 'to rest'
is a weak verb of the 't kofschip class: verb stems ending in T, K, F, S, CH and P have simple past endings -TE and -TEN and its past participle ending is -T - more

rusten		to rest
ik rust		I'm resting
wij rusten		we're resting
ik rustte		I rested
wij rustten		we rested
ik heb gerust		I have rested
		more - 2

Verbs Vocabulary Flashcards Test
Verbs Listening Flashcards Exercise

Read More about Verbs

The Verb Stem

The Simple Present Tense

The Simple Past Tense

The Perfect Tenses

The Changes of Strong Verbs

The Future Tense

The Passive Voice

A Dutch Continuous/Progressive

Reflexive Verbs

Verbs Combined and 'Te'

Verb Irregularities Refresher

Splitting Verbs

More Good Dutch Smartphone Pages

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