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The 'Easy Dutch' pages offer words that look or sound similar to English and have about the same meaning. When you know English, they will make learning Dutch easier, they may give you a head start - but of course they do not offer a complete vocabulary or grammar.
Introducing Dutch Verbs | |
zijn - 'to be' | |
hebben - 'to have' | |
Dutch and English Strong Verbs | |
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zullen - The Future Tense | |
eten and drinken - 'to eat' and 'to drink' | |
willen - 'to want to, desire' | |
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gaan - 'to go' | |
komen - 'to come' | |
rijden - 'to drive' and 'to ride' | |
lopen and staan - 'to walk' and 'to stand' | |
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zitten and liggen - 'to sit' and 'to lie down' | |
A Dutch Continuous | |
halen and brengen - '~to get' and 'to bring' | |
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zien and horen - 'to see' and 'to hear' | |
zeggen and spreken - 'to say' and 'to speak' | |
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denken and hopen - 'to think' and 'to hope' | |
geven and vinden - 'to give' and 'to find' | |
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doen and maken - 'to do' and 'to make' | |
helpen and slapen - 'to help' and 'to sleep' | |
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lachen and wachten - 'to laugh' and 'to wait' | |
A Few More Similar Verbs |
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'Veel'
2
is a word that doesn't look or sound like English, but that
I had to use many times on this page. It means 'much' and 'many.'
You'll also find 'niks'
and 'niets'
meaning 'nothing.'
In the simple present tense English has two forms for the verb: one
for the third person singular (he/she/it) and one for all
other 'persons.' Dutch has three forms:
Like in English, the most common verbs are often the most irregular - and many common verbs are strong - like the example to the right: they have a vowel change in the past tense. |
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zijn ik ben jij bent hij is wij zijn jullie zijn zij zijn U bent |
to be I am you are he is we are you are they are you are |
ik was jij was hij was wij waren jullie waren zij waren U was |
I was you were he was we were you were they were you were |
(you - singular) (you - plural) (you - polite) |
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ik ben geweest
I have been ik was geweest 2 I had been |
|
hebben | (to have) | |||||
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hebben ik heb jij hebt hij heeft wij hebben jullie hebben zij hebben U heeft |
to have I have you have he has we have you have they have you have |
ik had jij had hij had wij hadden jullie hadden zij hadden U had |
I had you had he had we had you had they had you had |
(you - singular) (you - plural) (you - polite) |
||
'U hebt'
is also said.
ik heb gehad
I have had |
ik heb geluk jij hebt geluk hij heeft geluk wij hebben geluk jullie hebben geluk zij hebben geluk |
I am lucky you are lucky he is lucky we are lucky you are lucky they are lucky |
heb ik geluk? heb jij geluk? heeft hij geluk? hebben wij geluk hebben jullie geluk? hebben zij geluk? |
am I lucky? are you lucky? is he lucky? are we lucky? are you lucky? are they lucky? |
|
Je hebt geluk gehad 2 3 | You have been lucky, you were lucky |
Je hebt pech 2 | You have bad luck, you're out of luck |
ik heb een fiets jij hebt een fiets hij heeft een fiets wij hebben een fiets jullie hebben een fiets zij hebben een tandem U heeft een fiets | I have a bicycle you have a bicycle he has a bicycle we have a bicycle you have a bicycle they have a tandem bicycle you have a bicycle |
heb ik een fiets? heb jij een fiets? heeft hij een fiets? hebben wij een fiets? hebben jullie een fiets? hebben zij een fiets? heeft U een fiets? |
do I have a bicycle? do you have a bicycle? does he have a bicycle? do we have a bicycle? do you have a bicycle? do they have a bicycle? do you have a bicycle? |
fiets 2 |
|
As seen in the chapter above, in both Dutch and English
questions with the verb
'to be' (zijn)
the verb is put before the the personal pronoun
(or other subject.)
'I am sick.' - 'Are you sick?'
Ik ben ziek
2
3
'I am sick'
Ben je ziek?
2
'Are you sick?'
In English 'to do' is used to frame a question with other verbs:
'Do you have a fever?'
But in Dutch, you can make a question with any verb by
reversing the order of the verb and
the personal pronoun or other subject.
Ik heb koorts
'I have a fever'
Je hebt koorts
'You have a fever' (informal 'you')
Heb je koorts?
'Do you have a fever?' (informal 'you')
Heeft U koorts?
2
Do you have a fever? (polite 'you')
Do note that when the verb is placed before
the second person singular (je/jij) it
does not take the T-ending:
je hebt
2
- heb je?
2
3
je bent
2
- ben je?
ik heb een boek | 'I have (own) a book' also: 'I have a book at hand' |
jij hebt een hond | 'you have a dog' |
ze hebben drie kinderen | 'they have three children' |
heb je genoeg licht? | 'do you have enough light?' |
heb je genoeg geld? 2 | 'do you have enough money?' |
je hebt genoeg geld 2 3 | 'you have enough money' |
heb je een auto? | 'do you have a car?' |
heeft Jan een auto? 2 3 | 'does John have a car?' |
hij heeft geen auto | 'he doesn't have a car' |
heb je een fiets? 2 | 'do you have a bicycle?' |
ik had geen werk | 'I did not have [work] a job' |
we hebben een goed jaar gehad | 'we [have] had a good year' |
heb je wol? | 'do you have wool?' |
ik heb pijn 2 | ['I have a pain'] 'I am in pain' |
heb je hoofdpijn? 2 | 'do you have a headache?' ‑>> |
ik heb hoofdpijn 2 | 'I have a headache' |
ik heb geen hoofdpijn | 'I [have no] don't have a headache' |
heb je 't koud? 2 3 | ['do you have it cold?'] 'are you cold?' |
heb je genoeg water? 2 | 'do you have enough water?' |
heb je honger? | ['do you have hunger?'] 'are you hungry?' |
ik heb honger | ['I have hunger'] 'I am hungry' |
ik heb dorst | ['I have thirst'] 'I am thirsty' |
ik heb brood gebakken 2 3 | 'I have baked (a) bread' |
|
|
In English, you often find the 'continuous' [is verb-ing] - for instance: 'it is raining,' where Dutch uses just the regular verb form: 't regent 2 ('it is raining') - 't regende 2 ('it was raining.') Dutch has other grammar figures to indicate an ongoing activity (see below) but they're not as common as the English continuous.
Gij zult niet doden
2
Gij zult niet stelen |
Thou shalt not kill Thou shalt not steal |
The Future Tense: zullen | The Conditional Tense ('Future Past') | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ik zal jij zult hij zal wij zullen jullie zullen zij zullen U zult |
(I will/shall) (you will) (he will) (we will/shall) (you will) (they will) (you will) |
zal ik? zul jij? zal hij? zullen wij? zullen jullie? zullen zij? zult U? |
(will/shall I?) (will you?) (will he?) (will/shall we?) (will you?) (will they?) (will you?) |
ik zou jij zou hij zou wij zouden jullie zouden zij zouden U zou |
(I would/should) (you would/should) (he would/should) (we would/should) (you would/should) (they would/should) (you would/should) |
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'Jij zal'
2
and 'zal jij?'
2
are also correct.
Note that there is no T in jij zal and hij zal. |
Ik zal schrijven
2
Ik zal opschieten 2 Ik zal 't uitleggen Ik zal U doorverbinden 2 |
I will write
I'll hurry I'll explain I'll [connect you through] transfer your call |
Ik zal 't hun geven
Ik zal 't niet vergeten 2 3 4 De tijd zal 't leren 2 Hoe laat zal ik je wakker maken? 2 |
I'll give it to them
I [will not] won't forget it [The] Time will [teach] tell What time shall I wake you up? |
Hoe lang zal 't duren?
2
3
Hoe zal 't aflopen? Iemand zal een oplosing moeten vinden Ik zal Jan morgen in Amsterdam geld geven |
How long will it last?
How will it end? Someone will have to find a solution Tomorrow in Amsterdam I'll give Jan money |
Morgen zal 't wel beter zijn
2
3
't Zal niet de eerste keer zijn 2 3 't Zal niet gemakkelijk zijn 2 |
I think it will be better tomorrow
It [will not] won't be the first time It won't be easy |
't Zal wel meevallen
2
3
Wie zal dat betalen? 2 Zal ik je een kopje thee inschenken? |
It won't be that bad
Who will pay for that? Shall I pour you a cup of tea? |
Je zult branden in de hel
Je zult er geen spijt van krijgen 2 |
You'll burn in hell
[You will not feel remorse over it] You won't be sorry |
We zullen wel zien
2
Zullen we gaan zwemmen? 2 Zullen we naar de film gaan? 2 3 Zullen we ergens gaan eten? |
We will see
[Shall we go swimming?] Let's go for a swim [Shall we go to a movie] Let's go see a movie [Shall we go eat somewhere?] Let's go out for meal |
Eerlijk zullen we alles delen 2 | We'll share everything fairly |
Ooit zullen we de Zuiderzee bedwingen en het land weer droogleggen |
Someday we'll subdue the Zuyder Zee and reclaim the land |
Zullen we de zitting opheffen? 2 | Shall we terminate the session? * - Let's get up |
We zullen dat varkentje wel even wassen 2 3 | ['We'll wash that little pig'] - We'll take care of that somewhat unpleasant task - Sayings |
hypothetical Wat zou er gebeuren? 2 Als ik jou was zou ik niet gaan Ik zou niet gaan 2 3 4 Dat zou je ook kunnen doen 2 3 Ik wist zeker dat U me zou begrijpen 2 3 |
What would happen? If I were you I wouldn't go I wouldn't go You could do that too I was sure that you would (were going to) understand me |
|
Je zou haast denken ...
2
3
Niet wat je zou verwachten 't Zou me niet verbazen 2 |
You'd almost think ...
Not what you'd expect It wouldn't surprise me, I wouldn't be surprised | |
it could be
't Zou kunnen 2 't Zou kunnen zijn 2 't Zou kunnen zijn dat ... 2 |
It could be It could be It could be that ... | |
it didn't happen | ||
Mijn moeder zou dit jaar honderd geworden zijn 2 | My mother would have been (turned?) 100 years old this year | |
We zouden gaan fietsen maar 't begon te regenen | We were going to make a bike ride but it started to rain | |
wishing Ik zou wel eens willen weten ... 2 Ik zou willen dat ik harder kon schoppen 2 Zeg maar wat je zou willen hebben van Sinterklaas 2 |
I would like to know [sometime] ... I wish I could kick (the ball) harder Just [say] tell me what you'd like to have from Santa | |
polite questions or statements Wat zou U aanraden? 2 3 Zou U dat nog eens willen zeggen? 2 Zou je alsjeblieft Nederlands willen spreken? Zou U alstublieft Nederlands willen spreken? |
What would you recommend? (in a restaurant or shop) Could you please say that again (polite 'you') Could you please speak Dutch (informal, singular 'you') Could you please speak Dutch (polite 'you') | |
Zou U wat langzamer kunnen praten?
2
Zou U wat langzamer willen spreken? 2 |
Could you please speak a little slower? | |
The past tense of 'zullen' is also used for rhetorical questions, where you don't expect a good answer. | ||
Zou 't gaan regenen?
Gaat 't regenen? 2 |
Is it going to rain? - no idea
Is it going to rain? - checking the forecast, asking a knowledgeable person | |
Zou 't kunnen zijn dat ...?
2
Hoe zou 't met Kees zijn? 2 3 Zou 't lukken? 2 Wat zou 't zijn? Zou je dat nou wel doen? 2 3 |
Could it be that ...?
How would it be with Kees? How would Kees be? Is it going to work? (succeed) What could it be? Should you do that? Are you sure it's a good idea? |
eten ik eet jij eet hij eet wij eten jullie eten zij eten U eet | (to eat) (I eat) (you eat) (he eats) (we eat) (you eat) (they eat) (you eat) |
ik at jij at hij at wij aten jullie aten zij aten U at | (I ate) (you ate) (he ate) (we ate) (you ate) (they ate) (you ate) |
drinken ik drink jij drinkt hij drinkt wij drinken jullie drinken zij drinken U drinkt | (to drink) (I drink) (you drink) (he drinks) (we drink) (you drink) (they drink) (you drink) |
ik dronk jij dronk hij dronk wij dronken jullie dronken zij dronken U dronk | (I drank) (you drank) (he drank) (we drank) (you drank) (they drank) (you drank) |
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ik heb gegeten
I have eaten The ghost of a cow or pig could say: ik ben gegeten I was eaten (‑>> the passive) (het) eten is also the noun 'food' |
ik heb gedronken I have drunk |
eten met mes en vork 2 | eating with, using knife and fork |
met mes en vork eten 2 | eating with, using knife and fork |
eten met vrienden | eating with, in the company of friends |
met vrienden eten | eating with, in the company of friends |
eten van een bord 2 | eating from a plate |
van een bord eten 2 3 | eating from a plate |
Hij dronk uit de fles 2 3 | He drank from the bottle |
hij eet 'n appel | 'he's eating an apple' |
ik eet vis 2 | 'I'm eating fish' |
vandaag eten we vis 2 | 'today we'll [eat] have fish' |
wat heb je gegeten? 2 | 'what have you eaten, what did you have?' |
waar heb je gegeten? 2 | 'where have you eaten?' |
wanneer heb je gegeten? 2 | 'when have you eaten?' |
wanneer heb je voor 't laatst gegeten? 2 | 'when have you eaten last, what was the last time you had something to eat?' |
heb je te veel gegeten? 2 | 'have you eaten, did you eat too much?' |
ik heb te veel gegeten | 'I have eaten too much' |
ik heb thuis gegeten | 'I have eaten at home' (huis 2 'house') |
heb je goed gegeten? 2 | 'have you eaten [good] well?' |
was 't lekker? 2 | 'was it good, did you enjoy it?' (think of: 'to like') |
heb je lekker gegeten? 2 | 'was the food to your liking, did you enjoy your meal?' |
heb je genoeg gegeten? | 'have you eaten enough?' |
heb je al gegeten? 2 | 'have you eaten already?' |
ik heb niet gegeten 2 | I have not eaten |
ik heb nog niet gegeten | I have not eaten yet |
er is genoeg eten
2
3 er is eten genoeg 2 | 'there is enough food' |
is er wat te eten? 2 3 | 'is there something to eat?' |
Dutch 'wat' can mean both 'what?' and 'something' | |
heb je genoeg gedronken? | ['have you drank enough'] 'did you have enough to drink?' |
je moet wat drinken 2 3 | 'you should drink something' |
hij drinkt bier | 'he's drinking beer' |
hij drinkt een kopje thee | 'he's [drinking] having a cup of tea' |
drink je thee 2 3 | 'drink your tea' |
en toen dronken we koffie | 'and then we had coffee' |
hij dronk alleen water | 'he only drank water' |
ik heb geen alcohol gedronken | 'I have not [drunk] had any alcohol' |
Drinken om te vergeten 2 3 | Drinking (alcohol) to forget |
dronken | 'drunk, intoxicated, had too much alcohol' |
willen ik wil jij wilt hij wil wij willen jullie willen zij willen U wilt |
to want (I want) (you want) (he wants) (we want) (you want) (they want) (you want) |
ik wilde jij wilde hij wilde wij wilden jullie wilden zij wilden U wilde | (I wanted) (you wanted) (he wanted) (we wanted) (you wanted) (they wanted) (you wanted) |
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exception: no 't' in hij wil |
many people say:
"ik wou"
instead of "ik wilde" | |||||||||
ik heb gewild I have wanted, desired |
wat wil je horen? | 'what would you like, what do you want to hear?' (music, information) |
wat wil je drinken? | 'what would you like to drink?' |
wil je wat eten? | 'Would you like something to eat?' |
wil je een kopje thee? 2 | 'would you like a cup of tea?' |
wij willen water | 'we want (need) water' |
ik wil naar huis 2 | 'I want [home-wards] to go home' |
| |
hij wilde niet naar de radio luisteren | 'he didn't want to listen to the radio' |
het was niet wat hij wilde horen | 'it was not what he wanted to hear' |
zou je alsjeblieft Nederlands willen spreken?
| '[would you mind] could you please speak Dutch?' (informal) |
zou U alstublieft Nederlands willen spreken? | '[would you mind] could you please speak Dutch?' (polite) |
dus je wilt Nederlands leren? | ["thus"] 'so you want to learn Dutch?' |
ik wil geen vlees eten 2 | 'I don't want to eat meat' |
ik wil liever geen vlees eten 2 3 | 'I'd rather not eat meat, I'd prefer not to eat meat' |
wat wil je later worden? | 'what do you want to [become, later] be (when you grow up)?' |
April doet wat-ie wil 2 | 'April does as it likes' (April weather is unpredictable) |
hij doet toch wat-ie wil 2 | 'he does what he wants to do anyway' |
ik wil er nog een nachtje over slapen 2 | 'I'd like to sleep [a night] on it' (before I take a decision) |
- more about loves, likes and preferences in Dutch |
ik ga jij gaat hij gaat wij gaan jullie gaan zij gaan U gaat |
(I go) (you go) (he goes) (we go) (you go) (they go) (you go) |
ga ik? ga jij? gaat hij? gaan wij? gaan jullie? gaan zij? gaat U? |
(do I go ?) (do you go ?) (does he go ?) (do we go?) (do you go ?) (do they go ?) (do you go?) |
ik ging jij ging hij ging wij gingen jullie gingen zij gingen U ging 2 |
I went you went he went we went you went they went you went |
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ik ben gegaan I have gone |
ik ga weg 2 3 | ['I'm going away'] 'I'm leaving' |
we gaan weg | ['we're going away'] 'we're leaving' |
we gaan om zes uur weg | 'we'll [go away] leave at six' |
ik ga naar huis | 'I'm going home' |
hoe gaat 't? | ['how is it going?'] 'how are you?' |
het gaat goed | 'it's going [good] well' |
ga jij? 2 | [go you?'] 'are you going?' |
het gaat te ver 2 | 'it goes too far' |
ga zitten 2 | ['go sit'] 'have a seat' |
ga direct naar huis 2 | 'go home [directly] immediately' |
ga rechtsaf | ['go right'] 'take a right' |
(ga linksaf | ['go left'] 'take a left') |
ik ga zwemmen | '[I go swimming] I'm going for a swim' |
ik wil gaan zwemmen | 'I want to go for a swim' |
ze wilde gaan zwemmen 2 3 | 'she wanted to go for a swim' |
we gaan zo eten 2 3 | 'we'll eat [soon] in a moment' |
we gaan uit eten | 'we're going to eat out, we're going out for dinner' |
en dan gaan we eten 2 | 'and then we'll eat' |
waar gaan jullie heen op vakantie? | 'where are you [guys] going on vacation?' |
dit jaar gaan we naar Frankrijk | 'this year we're going to France' |
zullen we naar de film gaan? slow slow2 | 'shall we go to the [film] movies?' |
zullen we gaan zwemmen? 2 | 'shall we go [swimming] for a swim' |
morgen wil ik gaan hardlopen 2 | 'tomorrow I want to go running'
lopen 2 'to walk' - think of 'to leap' |
morgen ga ik witlof maken | 'tomorrow I'll make Belgian endives'
witlof think of: 'white leaves' |
't gaat regenen | 'it is going to rain' |
hij gaat naar Rotterdam 2 | 'he's going to Rotterdam' |
morgen gaat hij naar Den Haag 2 | 'tomorrow he'll go to The Hague' |
morgen gaan we lijnen | 'tomorrow we'll start dieting' |
elk pondje gaat door het mondje | '[each] every pound goes through the mouth' |
ik ga naar boven 2 3 | '[I go] I'm going up' -
boven
2
'upstairs, up, on top of' - think of: 'above' |
de lift gaat naar beneden 2 3 | 'the [lift] elevator is going down' -
beneden
'downstairs, down, below' - think of: 'beneath' |
hij is naar buiten gegaan 2 | 'he [has gone outside] went out' |
hij ging het huis in | 'he went into the house' |
we gingen naar een concert | 'we went to a concert' |
we gingen naar huis 2 | 'we went home' |
de zon ging onder 2 3 | 'the sun went [under] down' |
de zon gaat onder 2 | 'the sun is going down' |
ging de zon onder? 2 | 'did the sun go down?' |
toen de zon onderging 2 3 | 'when the sun went down' |
ik kom jij komt hij komt wij komen jullie komen zij komen U komt |
(I come) (you come) (he comes) (we come) (you come) (they come) (you come) |
kom ik? kom jij? komt hij? komen wij? komen jullie? komen zij? komt U? |
(am I coming?) (are you coming?) (is he coming?) (are we coming?) (are you coming?) (are they coming?) (are you coming?) |
ik kwam jij kwam hij kwam wij kwamen jullie kwamen zij kwamen U kwam |
(I came) (you came) (he came) (we came) (you came) (they came) (you came) |
||
ik ben gekomen 2 I have come |
In several of the 'komen' examples below, 'to be' looks like a better translation into English - but you get the meaning.
|
rijden ik rijd jij rijdt hij rijdt wij rijden jullie rijden zij rijden U rijdt |
(to drive; to ride) (I drive/ride) (you drive/ride) (he drives/rides) (we drive/ride) (you drive/ride) (they drive/ride) (you drive/ride) |
rijden ik reed jij reed hij reed wij reden jullie reden zij reden U reed | (to drive; to ride) (I drove/rode) (you drove/rode) (he drove/rode) (we drove/rode) (you drove/rode) (they drove/rode) (you drove/rode) |
||
ik heb gereden
ik ben gereden | I have driven/ridden |
ik fiets |
|
|
ik loop jij loopt hij loopt wij lopen jullie lopen zij lopen |
I walk you walk he walks we walk you walk they walk |
loop ik? loop jij? loopt hij? lopen wij? lopen jullie? lopen zij? |
do I walk? do you walk? does he walk? do we walk? do you walk? do they walk? |
ik liep jij liep hij liep wij liepen jullie liepen zij liepen U liep |
I walked you walked he walked we walked you walked they walked you walked |
|||
ik heb gelopen
I have walked ik ben gelopen I have walked |
U loopt - you walk loopt U? - do you walk? |
hij liep het huis uit | 'he [walked out of] left the house' |
hij liep uit de vergadering | 'he walked out of the [gathering] meeting' |
ze liep naar het huis toe | 'she walked towards the house' (naar ... toe 'towards') |
ik loop met een stok 2 slow | 'I walk with a [stick] cane' |
more 'lopen' |
ik sta jij staat hij staat wij staan jullie staan zij staan U staat |
(I stand, am standing) (you stand) (he stands) (we stand) (you stand) (they stand) (you stand) |
ik stond jij stond hij stond wij stonden jullie stonden zij stonden U stond 2 |
(I stood, was standing) (you stood) (he stood) (we stood) (you stood) (they stood) (you stood) | |
ik heb gestaan I have stood, I was standing |
staande bas | ['standing bass'] 'upright bass' |
't water staat me tot de lippen | 'the water [stands to] comes up to my lips' - an expression indicating urgency |
more 'staan' |
zitten ik zit jij zit hij zit wij zitten jullie zitten zij zitten U zit | (to sit) (I sit) (you sit) (he sits) (we sit) (you sit) (they sit) (you sit) |
ik zat jij zat hij zat wij zaten jullie zaten zij zaten U zat | (I sat) (you sat) (he sat) (we sat) (you sat) (they sat) (you sat) |
||
ik heb gezeten
I have sat, I was sitting
hij zat aan tafel 'he [sat] was sitting at the table' - more 'zitten' sample sentences | |||||
ik lig jij ligt hij ligt wij liggen jullie liggen zij liggen U ligt 2 | (I am lying down) (you are lying down) (he is lying down) (we are lying down) (you are lying down) (they are lying down) (you are lying down) |
ik lag jij lag hij lag wij lagen jullie lagen zij lagen U lag 2 | (I was lying down) (you were lying down) (he was lying down) (we were lying down) (you were lying down) (they were lying down) (you were lying down) |
||
ik heb gelegen
I have lain, I was lying
hij lag in bed 2 'he [lay] was lying in bed' - more 'liggen' sample sentences |
|
halen ik haal jij haalt hij haalt wij halen jullie halen zij halen U haalt 2 | (to get) (I get) (you get) (he gets) (we get) (you get) (they get) (you get) |
ik haalde jij haalde hij haalde wij haalden jullie haalden zij haalden U haalde |
I got you got he got we got you got they got you got |
brengen ik breng jij brengt hij brengt wij brengen jullie brengen zij brengen U brengt | (to bring) (I bring) (you bring) (he brings) (we bring) (you bring) (they bring) (you bring) |
ik bracht jij bracht hij bracht wij brachten jullie brachten zij brachten U bracht | (I brought) (you brought) (he brought) (we brought) (you brought) (they brought) (you brought) |
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ik heb gehaald
~I have gotten, brought in
kielhalen 2 'to keelhaul' |
ik heb gebracht I have brought | |||||||||
more 'halen' | ||||||||||
more 'brengen' |
zien ik zie jij ziet hij ziet wij zien jullie zien zij zien U ziet | (to see) (I see) (you see) (he sees) (we see) (you see) (they see) (you see) |
ik zag jij zag hij zag wij zagen jullie zagen zij zagen U zag | (I saw) (you saw) (he saw) (we saw) (you saw) (they saw) (you saw) |
horen ik hoor jij hoort hij hoort wij horen jullie horen zij horen U hoort | (to hear) (I hear) (you hear) (he hears) (we hear) (you hear) (they hear) (you hear) |
ik hoorde jij hoorde hij hoorde wij hoorden jullie hoorden zij hoorden U hoorde | (I heard) (you heard) (he heard) (we heard) (you heard) (they heard) (you heard) |
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ik heb gezien I have seen | ik heb gehoord I have heard |
tot ziens! 2 | ['till seeing'] 'see you!' |
heb je haar gezien? 2 | 'have you seen her?' |
ik heb mezelf gezien 2 | 'I've seen myself' |
ik heb mezelf op TV gezien 2 3 | 'I've seen myself on TV' |
want er was zoveel te zien 2 | "because there was so much to see" |
ik zag de sterren | 'I saw the stars' |
ik zag de zon in de zee zinken | 'I saw the sun sink into the sea' |
ik kan niet zien waar het lekt | 'I can't see where it is leaking' |
ik heb die film niet gezien | 'I have not seen that [film] movie' |
laten zien
2 ik heb laten zien 2 |
['to let see'] 'to show' ['I have let see'] 'I have shown' |
je kon niet ver zien | 'You could not see (very) far' (visibility was low) |
je kon heel ver zien | 'You could see very far' (visibility was good) |
more 'zien' | |
| |
ik hoor een vliegtuig | 'I hear [a fly-gear] an airplane' |
ik hoorde het signaal niet 2 | 'I didn't hear the signal' |
ik ben blij dat te horen | 'I'm glad to hear that' |
wat wil je horen? | 'what would you like, what do you want to hear?' (music, information) |
het was niet wat hij wilde horen | 'it was not what he wanted to hear' |
more 'horen' |
zeggen ik zeg jij zegt hij zegt wij zeggen jullie zeggen zij zeggen U zegt | (to say) (I say) (you say) (he says) (we say) (you say) (they say) (you say) |
ik zei jij zei hij zei wij zeiden jullie zeiden zij zeiden U zei | (I said) (you said) (he said) (we said) (you said) (they said) (you said) |
spreken ik spreek jij spreekt hij spreekt wij spreken jullie spreken zij spreken U spreekt 2 | (to speak) (I speak) (you speak) (he speaks) (we speak) (you speak) (they speak) (you speak) |
ik sprak jij sprak hij sprak wij spraken jullie spraken zij spraken U sprak 2 | (I spoke) (you spoke) (he spoke) (we spoke) (you spoke) (they spoke) (you spoke) |
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ik heb gezegd 2 I have said, spoken | ik heb gesproken I have spoken |
wat zegt U? 2 3 | 'what [do] did you say?' |
wie zegt dat 't gaat regenen? | 'who says that it's going to rain?' |
zeg dat het niet zo is | 'say it ain't so' |
zoals ik al zei 2 3 | ['as I already said'] 'as I said before' |
ik zei "nee" | 'I said "no"' |
hij zei niet veel | 'he didn't say much' |
zeg het voort 2 | ['say it forth'] 'pass it on (the message)' |
hoe zeg je dat in het Nederlands? 2 | 'how do you say that in Dutch?' |
zeg het in je eigen woorden 2 | 'say it in your own words' |
ze zeggen dat er niet genoeg tijd is | 'they say there's not enough time' |
dat boek zegt dat hij dat gedaan heeft 2 3 | 'that book says that he [has done] did that' |
men zegt dat in Kentucky het gras blauw is
2 men zegt dat het gras blauw is in Kentucky |
'[people say] it is said that in Kentucky
the grass is blue' '[people say] it is said that the grass is blue in Kentucky' |
more 'zeggen' | |
Goropius zegt dat Adam en Eva
Nederlands spraken
2 Adam en Eva spraken Nederlands in het Paradijs |
'Goropius says that Adam and Eve spoke Dutch' 'Adam and Eve spoke Dutch in Paradise' |
(het) gesprek 2 | 'conversation' |
(het) spreekuur 2 | ['speaking hour'] walk-in office hours of a doctor or an official |
ik spreek Nederlands 2 | 1. 'I am speaking Dutch' 2. 'I can speak Dutch' (I have that ability) |
je spreekt goed Nederlands 2 | 'you speak [good Dutch] Dutch well' |
hij spreekt vloeiend Nederlands 2 | 'he speaks Dutch fluently, he is fluent in Dutch' |
met twee woorden spreken 2 | ['speak with 2 words'] 'speak politely' |
more 'spreken' |
denken ik denk jij denkt hij denkt wij denken jullie denken zij denken U denkt | (to think) (I think) (you think) (he thinks) (we think) (you think) (they think) (you think) |
ik dacht jij dacht hij dacht wij dachten jullie dachten zij dachten U dacht 2 | (I thought) (you thought) (he thought) (we thought) (you thought) (they thought) (you thought) |
hopen ik hoop jij hoopt hij hoopt wij hopen jullie hopen zij hopen U hoopt | (to hope) (I hope) (you hope) (he hopes) (we hope) (you hope) (they hope) (you hope) |
ik hoopte jij hoopte hij hoopte wij hoopten jullie hoopten zij hoopten U hoopte |
I hoped you hoped he hoped we hoped you hoped they hoped you hoped |
|||
ik heb gedacht
I have thought
ik had gedacht 2 I was thinking |
ik heb gehoopt
2
I have hoped
ik had gehoopt I was hoping |
ik denk dat het te laat is | 'I think (that) it's too late' |
hij denkt dat ik het gedroomd heb 2 | 'he thinks (that) I [dreamed it] saw it in a dream' |
denk je dat het gaat regenen? | 'do you think (that) it's going to rain?' |
more 'denken' | |
ik hoop dat het op tijd is | 'I hope that it's in time' |
more hope |
geven ik geef jij geeft hij geeft wij geven jullie geven zij geven U geeft |
to give (I give) (you give) (he gives) (we give) (you give) (they give) (you give) |
(geven) ik gaf jij gaf hij gaf wij gaven jullie gaven zij gaven U gaf | (to give) (I gave) (you gave) (he gave) (we gave) (you gave) (they gave) (you gave) |
|||||||||
|
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vinden ik vind jij vindt hij vindt wij vinden jullie vinden zij vinden U vindt | (to find) (I find) (you find) (he finds) (we find) (you find) (they find) (you find) |
ik vond jij vond hij vond wij vonden jullie vonden zij vonden U vond 2 | (I found) (you found) (he found) (we found) (you found) (they found) (you found) |
|||||||||
|
geef ons heden ons dagelijks brood 2 | 'give us this day our daily bread' |
les geven
college geven 2 ik geef Nederlands |
['to give lesson'] 'to teach' 'to teach classes at a college or university' 'I [give] teach Dutch' |
ik heb jullie veel woorden gegeven 2 | 'I have given you (all) many words' |
ik geef Marietje bloemen
ik geef bloemen aan Marietje geef haar de bloemen hij geeft haar gele rozen |
'I'm giving Mary flowers' (think of: 'bloom')
'I'm giving flowers to Mary' 'give her the flowers' 'he's giving her yellow roses' |
Jan heeft Piet een boek gegeven
Jan heeft een boek aan Piet gegeven 2 |
'John has given Pete a book'
'John has given a book to Pete' |
ik gaf hem een hand
2
ik hielp hem een handje |
[NOT: 'I gave him a hand'] 'I shook his hand'
['I helped him a hand'] 'I lent him a hand, I helped him out' |
| |
Karel geeft Elly een ring | 'Charles gives Alice a ring' |
Bob geeft het aan Els 2 | 'Bob gives it to Alice' |
het geeft de mensen hoop | 'it gives the people hope' |
ik gaf hem een kwartje | 'I gave him a quarter' (25¢) |
een gegeven paard 2 | 'a [given] gift horse' |
't geeft niet 2 3 4 | ['it gives not'] 'it doesn't matter' |
ik kan 't niet vinden 2 3 | 'I can't find it' |
ik vind er niks aan | ['I find nothing in it'] 'I don't care for it, it's not interesting to me' |
ik vond er niet veel aan | ['I did not find much in it'] 'I didn't care for it, it was not interesting to me' |
- a few more sample sentences |
doen ik doe jij doet hij doet wij doen jullie doen zij doen U doet | to do (I do) (you do) (he does) (we do) (you do) (they do) (you do) |
ik deed jij deed hij deed wij deden jullie deden zij deden U deed | (I did) (you did) (he did) (we did) (you did) (they did) (you did) |
maken ik maak jij maakt hij maakt wij maken jullie maken zij maken U maakt |
to make (I make) (you make) (he makes) (we make) (you make) (they make) (you make) |
ik maakte jij maakte hij maakte wij maakten jullie maakten zij maakten U maakte | (I made) (you made) (he made) (we made) (you made) (they made) (you made) |
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ik heb gedaan I have done | ik heb gemaakt I have made |
een stap doen | 'to [do] take a step' |
hoe doe je dat? | 'how do you do that?' |
hoe heb je dat gedaan? | 'how did you do that?' |
wat ben je aan 't doen? | 'what are you doing?' ('what are you busy with?') |
waarom doe je dat? 2 3 | 'why do you do that?' |
wat kan ik voor U doen? 2 | ['what can I do for you?'] 'can I help you?' |
doe-het-zelf | 'do-it-yourself (DIY)' |
doe je best 2 | ['do your best'] 'give it your best' |
ik heb 't niet gedaan
wij hebben 't niet gedaan |
'I [have] did not do it' 'we [have] did not do it' |
je hebt 't goed gedaan | 'you have done it [good] well' |
veel gedoe om niks | 'much ado about nothing' |
dat is teveel gedoe 2 | 'that's too much [ado] hassle' |
er is niks aan te doen
short: niks aan te doen! 2 3 |
['there is nothing to be done (about it)'] 'nothing can be done about it, it can't be helped' |
ik kan er niks aan doen | ['I can't do anything about it'] 'I can't help it' |
er is nog veel te doen 2 | 'there is still much [to do] to be done' |
april doet wat-ie wil 2 | ['April does [what] as [he] it likes'] April weather is unpredictable |
hoe doen je kinderen 't op school? | 'how are your kids doing in school?' |
more 'doen' | |
| |
muziek maken
meer muziek maken |
'make music, play'
'make more music, play more' (a resolution) |
hoe maakt U het? | [NOT: 'how make'] 'how are you doing?' (polite) |
't maakt me niet uit 2 | ['it makes no difference to me'] 'it doesn't matter' |
honger maakt rauwe bonen zoet 2 | 'hunger makes raw beans [taste] sweet' |
more 'maken' |
slapen ik slaap jij slaapt hij slaapt wij slapen jullie slapen zij slapen U slaapt | (to sleep) (I sleep) (you sleep) (he sleeps) (we sleep) (you sleep) (they sleep) (you sleep) |
ik sliep jij sliep hij sliep wij sliepen jullie sliepen zij sliepen U sliep 2 | (I slept) (you slept) (he slept) (we slept) (you slept) (they slept) (you slept) |
helpen ik help jij helpt hij helpt wij helpen jullie helpen zij helpen U helpt | (I help) (you help) (he helps) (we help) (you help) (they help) (you help) |
ik hielp jij hielp hij hielp wij hielpen jullie hielpen zij hielpen U hielp | (I helped) (you helped) (he helped) (we helped) (you helped) (they helped) (you helped) |
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ik heb geslapen 2 I have slept - more on sleep | ik heb geholpen
2
I have helped ik ben geholpen 2 I was helped |
heb je goed geslapen? 2 | ['have you slept good?'] 'did you sleep well?' |
ik heb niet geslapen 2 | ['I have not slept'] 'I did not sleep' |
hij sliep als een os 2 | 'he slept [as] like [an ox] a log' |
(de) slaapkamer | ['sleeping chamber'] 'bedroom' |
- much more about sleep and to sleep | |
| |
help! 2 | 'help me!' - 'I need help' - emergencies |
wie heeft je geholpen? | 'who has helped you, who attended to you?' |
alle beetjes helpen | ['all bits help'] 'every little bit helps' |
Een handje helpen | 'to give, lend a hand, to help, assist' |
Ik hielp hem een handje | 'I gave him a hand, I helped him' |
ze hielp hen met de vertaling | she helped them with the translation |
Wie helpt er met de afwas? 2 3 4 | Who'll help (with) doing the dishes? |
Ik probeerde de vogels te helpen | I tried to help the birds |
Ik heb geprobeerd te helpen 2 | I've tried to help, be of assistance |
Ik heb geprobeerd de vogels te helpen 2 | I've tried to help the birds |
Wanneer de pillen niet meer helpen ... 2 3 | When the pills don't help, don't work anymore ... |
Ik help jullie begrijpen ... 2 3 | I'm helping you guys understand ... |
Ze hielp hem ontsnappen 2 3 | She helped him escape |
Ik heb 'm aan een baan geholpen 2 3 4 | I [helped him find] got him a job |
ik heb helpen ... 2 3 | I have helped (to) ... ‑>> |
Ik heb helpen organiseren ... 2 3 | I have helped organize, set up ... |
Ik heb helpen betalen 2 3 | I have helped pay |
ik heb geholpen 2 | I have helped, assisted |
ik ben geholpen |
I was helped, I have been helped, I was attended to ‑>> |
|
|
We vragen om hulp 2 3 We're asking for help, assistance Ze vroegen ons om hulp 2 They asked us for help, assistance Ze boden hulp aan They offered help, assistance Ik heb hulp nodig 2 I need help Als gehandicapte heb ik soms hulp nodig 2 3 As a person with a disability I sometimes need help een kleinigheid als dank voor je hulp 2 3 4 a small gift as thanks for, in gratitude of your help ‑>>
ik lach jij lacht hij lacht wij lachen jullie lachen zij lachen U lacht | (I laugh) (you laugh) (he laughs) (we laugh) (you laugh) (they laugh) (you laugh) |
ik lachte jij lachte hij lachte wij lachten jullie lachten zij lachten U lachte 2 | (I laughed) (you laughed) (he laughed) (we laughed) (you laughed) (they laughed) (you laughed) |
||
ik heb gelachen I have laughed, I was laughing |
wachten ik wacht jij wacht hij wacht wij wachten jullie wachten zij wachten U wacht 2 | (to wait, to be waiting) (I am waiting) (you are waiting) (he is waiting) (we are waiting) (you are waiting) (they are waiting) (you are waiting) |
ik wachtte jij wachtte hij wachtte wij wachtten * jullie wachtten zij wachtten U wachtte | (I was waiting) (you were waiting) (he was waiting) (we were waiting) (you were waiting) (they were waiting) (you were waiting) |
|
ik heb gewacht I have waited |
(het) lachebekje 2 | a young person, usually a girl, with a quick laugh |
de zangeres lacht | the lady singer is laughing |
de lachende zangeres | the laughing lady singer |
lachen is gezond 2 | laughing is [healthy] good for you |
hij lacht hard | 'he is laughing loudly' |
wij lachen luid | we laugh loudly |
ik heb hem nooit horen lachen 2 3 | I've never heard him laugh |
Met hem kun je lachen 2 3 4 5 | [With him you can laugh] - he's a funny guy |
ik lachte me een kriek | I had a good laugh |
Ik lag in een deuk 2 | I was laughing almost uncontrollably, I was in stitches (ROFL) |
er is niks te lachen 2 3 | ['there is nothing to laugh (about)'] - 'it's no laughing matter, it's not funny' |
't lachen zal je vergaan 2 3 4 | [your lauching will stop] - you may now think it's funny but you'll come to regret it |
Laat me niet lachen 2 | Don't make me laugh (What you're suggesting is ridiculous) |
Ze lachten erom 2 3 | They laughed at it, they didn't take it seriously |
Niemand lachte om mijn mopjes/grapjes 2 3 4 5 | Nobody laughed at my jokes - more 'jokes' |
Je lacht zo lief 2 3 | You [laugh] smile so sweetly |
(de) lach | laugh |
(de) schaterlach 2 3 4 | peal, burst of laughter |
(de) glimlach 2 3 / glimlachen | smile / to smile |
er kan geen lachje vanaf 2 3 | 'there's not a smile to spare' - in a bad mood |
belachelijk 2 | ['laughable'] 'ridiculous' |
belachelijk maken | to ridicule |
Ze maakte hem belachelijk 2 3 4 5 6 | She ridiculed him |
de slappe lach
2
3
hebben / krijgen |
an uncontrollable fit of laughter
to have / to start |
| |
(de) wachtkamer 2 | 'waiting [chamber] room' |
(de) wachttijd 2 | waiting period, delay |
wacht even 2 | wait a moment, 'hold' |
wacht eens even! 2 | now wait a moment! |
Waar wacht je op? 2 3 | What are you waiting for? |
laten we tot morgen wachten | 'let's wait till tomorrow' |
Wachten tot je een ons weegt 2 3 4 | (saying) ['waiting until you weigh 100 grams (~3 ounces)'] - a very long wait |
Hij liet ons een uur wachten 2 3 4 | He [let] made us wait for an hour |
Hij wachtte geduldig op z'n beurt 2 3 | He waited patiently for his turn |
Moest je lang wachten? 2 3 4 | Did you have to wait long? |
We zitten te wachten 2 | We're waiting |
Ik zat te wachten op ... | I was waiting for ... |
Ik zat te wachten op een telefoontje | I was waiting for a phone call |
Ze zit erop te wachten 2 3 | She's sitting around waiting for it - she expects or needs it soon |
We staan te wachten op een taxi 2 3 | We're waiting for a taxi |
Dat staat ons ook te wachten 2 | That is waiting for us too, we can expect that too |
Hij wilde wachten tot ... 2 | He wanted to wait till ... |
Ik had willen wachten tot ... 2 3 | I had wanted to wait till ... (but that didn't happen, something came up) |
Ik had zullen wachten 2 3 | I was going to wait, the plan was that I would wait (but it didn't happen) |
Ik had willen wachten tot ... 2 3 | I had wanted to wait till ... (but that didn't happen, something came up) |
Ik hoefde niet te wachten 2 | I didn't have to wait |
Ik heb niet hoeven wachten 2 | I didn't have to wait |
Ik heb niet hoeven te wachten 2 | I didn't have to wait ‑>> |
Ik ga er niet op wachten 2 3 4 | I'm not going to wait for it |
wachten met betalen 2 | waiting with paying, postponing payment |
Note:
'wachten' and 'wachtten' sound the same | ||
wij lachen 2 we are laughing | wij wachten we are waiting | |
wij lachten 2 we laughed | wij wachtten 2 we waited |
glimlachen to smile | - | ik glimlach I'm smiling | - | ik glimlachte I smiled | - | ik heb geglimlacht
I have smiled |
See also: verwachten 2 'to expect' and wacht 'guard'
Similar but of limited use:
graven
2
'to dig' - think of: 'a grave'
‑>> begraven 'to bury' knagen 2 3 'to gnaw' kraken 2 'to creak, to crack, to break' * schaatsen 'to skate' schrapen 2 'to scrape' staren 2 'to stare' waden 2 'to wade' waken 2 3 'to wake, stay alert and awake' zagen 2 'to cut with a saw' maaien 'to mow' (grass) |
bakken
'to bake'
‑>> barsten 2 'to burst, crack' danken 2 'to thank' (the Lord) ‑>> bedanken 2 'to thank' dansen 2 'to dance' hangen 'to hang up things' knabbelen 2 'to nibble' slachten 2 'to butcher, slaughter' vasten 'to fast, eat no food' |
bleken
'to bleach' kneden 2 'to knead' ‑>> stelen 2 'to steal' ‑>> wegen 'to weigh' zweren 2 'to swear' (oaths) ‑>> zweten 2 'to sweat' |
bengelen
2
3
'to dangle' slenteren 2 'to saunter' smelten 2 'to melt' ‑>> sprenkelen 2 'to sprinkle' sterven 'to die' (think of: 'to starve') trekken 2 3 'to pull, drag' vertellen 'to tell' zwellen 2 'to swell' ‑>> zwemmen 'to swim' ‑>> |
giechelen
2
to giggle knielen to kneel, genuflect liegen 'to lie' (to say what is not) ‑>> niezen 2 3 'to sneeze' verliezen 2 'to lose' ‑>> |
gillen
2
3
'to shriek, to yell' gissen 2 'to guess' gisten 2 'to ferment' (think of: 'yeast') springen 2 'to jump, spring' ‑>> tsjirpen / tsjilpen 'to chirp' verspillen 'to waste' (think of: 'to spoil' / 'to spill') wringen 'to wring' ‑>> zinken 2 'to sink' (passive only) ‑>> |
blozen
'to blush' dopen 2 'to dip; to baptize' ‑>> dromen 2 'to dream' ‑>> koken 2 'to cook' and also: 'to boil' stoven 2 'to stew' |
gorgelen
2
'to gargle' sloffen 2 'to walk tiredly' - think of: 'to slog' trommelen 2 'to drum' smokkelen 2 'to smuggle' * strompelen 2 'to stumble, walk with difficulty' worstelen 2 3 'to wrestle' |
huren
'to rent, hire'
‑>> |
kuchen
2
'to cough' snurken 'to snore' zuchten 2 'to sigh' |
leiden
'to lead'
‑>> veinzen to feign, pretend smijten 2 3 'to throw angrily' (think of: 'to smite') ‑>> wrijven 2 'to rub' ‑>> |
leunen
2
'to lean' smeulen 2 'to smolder' |
doezelen
2
'to doze, half-sleep' groeten 'to greet' voederen 2 'to feed' (animals) voelen 2 'to feel' bloeien 'to bloom, flower' bloeden 2 'to bleed' groeien 2 3 'to grow' roeien 2 'to row' vloeien 'to flow' |
druipen
2
'to drip'
‑>> huilen 'to howl' (wolves); 'to cry' (tears) ‑>> kruipen 'to crawl' luisteren 'to listen' ‑>> schuiven 2 3 'to shove' sluimeren 'to slumber' tuimelen 'to tumble' |
bouwen
'to build'
‑>> brouwen 'to brew' houden 2 'to hold' ‑>> vouwen 2 'to fold' |
Verb Rules - 60 Complete Verbs - Grammar Overview
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Don't be a
dief (thief) /
dievegge (female thief) -
diefstal (theft) -
stelen (to steal) -
heler (dealer in stolen goods) -
hear Dutch -
2