migraines
2
3
If there is [something] one thing I'd like to
be rid of it's those migraines
af willen van
2
wanting, desiring to be rid of
Ik wil er vanaf
2
3
I want to be rid of it, I want it gone
Hebben
'to have' ‑>>
af hebben
2
3
to be finished with, have something ready
Heb je 't af?
2
3
Are you finished with it? Is it done?
Is it ready?
lopen
2
'to walk' and other ‑>>
For the coming to an end of
sequences of events like stories or reporting,
Dutch often uses the noun (de) afloop
2
and the verb aflopen
't Is een aflopende zaak
2
a business or an endeavor heading downhill,
on its last legs
Hoe zal 't aflopen?
How is it going to end?
Hoe is 't afgelopen?
How did it end?
't Loopt niet goed af
2
It's not going to end well
Ik wil weten hoe 't afloopt
2
I want to know how it
(usually a story) will end
Ik ben benieuwd hoe 't afloopt
2
3
I'm curious how it's going to end
Ik ben blij dat het goed is afgelopen
I'm glad it ended well
Ik had kunnen weten dat 't slecht zou aflopen
2
3
I could have known that it would end badly
Lang nadat de oorlog was afgelopen
2
3
Long after the war had ended
't Moet afgelopen zijn!
2
3
It has to stop! It can't go on
'Afgelopen'
2 - the
the past participle of
'aflopen'
is usually translated as 'last' or 'past.'
afgelopen woensdag
2
last wednesday
in de afgelopen dagen
2
3
in the past days
(de) aflopende rand
2
sloping edge, a 'bevel'
maken
'to make' and other ‑>>
afmaken
2
1. to finish (a job, work, a creation)
2. to murder (in a gruesome way) - to 'off'?
Maak eerst je huiswerk af
First, finish your homework
onafgemaakt
2
3
unfinished - German: 'unvollendet'
voltooien
2
3
4
to finish, comlplete (something big)
(de) voltooiïng
2
completion, finish, perfection
onvoltooid
2
3
4
5
unfinished - German: 'unvollendet'
(De) Onvoltooid Tegenwoordige Tijd
2
The Simple Present Tense
(De) Onvoltooid Verleden Tijd
2
The Simple Past Tense
(De) Voltooide Tijd
2
3
The Perfect Tense
(De) Voltooid Tegenwoordige Tijd
2
The Perfect Present Tense
(De) Voltooid Verleden Tijd
2
The Perfect Past Tense
All about the Verb Tenses
| afgelasten |
| to cancel |
| ik gelast af |
| I'm canceling |
| ik gelastte af |
| I canceled |
| ik heb afgelast |
| I have canceled |
|
2
3
|
afgelasten
2
3
to cancel (an event or a match)
Als het regent wordt de wedstrijd afgelast
If it rains the match will be canceled
Note the perfect tense:
ik heb afgelast
2
3
('I have canceled') - there is no second ge- inserted. This past
participle makes some Dutch people think the verb is
'aflasten,' but that is not entirely correct.
Zeggen
2
3
'to say' ‑>>
afzeggen
2
to cancel (an appointment or a trip)
Ik heb de reis moeten afzeggen
2
3
I had to cancel the trip
Leren
'to learn // to teach' ‑>>
- 2
afleren
2
to unlearn, 'break the habit'
Om 't af te leren
2
3
'to unlearn it' - said in jest when taking one
more drink or unwholesome snack - 'to break the habit'
'Afzien'
2
3 by itself
means making a great and exhausting effort, like in sports or
exercise
The more common afzien
van
2 means 'to give
up, abandon, renounce, forego'
Dat was afzien!
2
3
That was quite an effort! I'm exhausted
afzien van vlees
2
3
4
giving up meat, become a vegetarian
We zagen af van betaling
2
3
4
We decided not to ask for payment -or-
we decided not to pay (for a very bad job)
Ik zie er vanaf
2
3
I'm dropping this, I'll abandon it,
I'm not pursuing it further
Other Verbs with 'Af'
Vragen
2
'to ask' ‑>>
zich afvragen
to wonder, to ask yourself
Ik vraag me af of ...
2
I wonder if ...
Ik vraag me wel eens af ...
2
(3
4)
Sometimes I wonder ...
Ik vraag me wel eens af of ...
Sometimes I wonder if ...
Ik vraag me af hoe 't komt
2
I wonder [how it comes] what's causing it, why
it is
Ik vraag me af waar dat goed voor is
2
3
4
I wonder what that [is good for] what the use
of that is, why that is, what the point of it is
Vraag niet wat Nederland voor jou kan doen, maar vraag
je af wat jij voor Nederland kunt doen
2
3
Do not ask
what Holland can do for you,
but ask yourself what you can do for Holland
(naar president Kennedy
2
after president Kennedy)
Vraag niet
wat Nederland voor je kan doen, maar vraag
je af wat je voor Nederland kunt doen
2
3
The 'various forms' line is better Dutch, but the 'all-je'
line is not wrong
leiden
2
3
'to lead' ‑>>
afleiden
2
3
4
1. [to lead away] - to distract
2. [to reason from] - to deduce, draw conclusions
by reasoning from
Ik werd afgeleid
2
I was distracted
Daaruit leid ik af ...
2
3
From that I deduce,
draw the conclusion ... (logically)
also:
Daaruit maak ik op ...
From that [I make out ...] I conclude ...
(it gives me the impression)
(de) bliksemafleider
2
3
4
lightning rod, lightning conductor
(de) afleiding
2
3
distraction
Je hebt afleiding nodig
2
You need distraction, you need a break
afruimen
2
to clear, clear away
(usually said about stuff on tables)
de tafel afruimen
2
to clear the table
Kun je de tafel afruimen?
2
Could you please clear the table?
Wie ruimt de tafel af?
2
Who'll clear the table?
halen
2
'to get, collect, obtain, acquire'
‑>>
afhalen
2
1. to pick up, collect
2. to strip off, remove covers (beds, vegetables)
Kun je je bed afhalen?
2
3
4
Could you please remove the sheets
from your bed?
Ik ga vandaag lakens wassen
2
I'm going to wash bedsheets today
| afhalen |
| to pick up |
| ik haalde af |
| I collected |
| ik heb afgehaald |
| I have collected |
|
|
Hangen
'to hang up, to hang'
ophangen
'to hang' (stuff) / 'to hang up' (criminals)
afhangen van
2
3
to depend (on)
't Hangt er vanaf
2
3
It depends ...
't Hangt van de temperatuur af
2
3
't Hangt af van de temperatuur
2
3
It depends on the temperature
also:
't Heeft met de temperatuur te maken
2
It has to do with the temperature ('has to do'
- the temperature is just one of the factors)
Laat 't daarvan afhangen
2
3
Let it depend on that, take a decision, proceed based
on that
afhankelijk
( afhankelijke
)
dependent
onafhankelijk
independent
onafhankelijkheid
independence
onafhankelijkheidsverklaring
2
declaration of independence
Wachten
'to wait' ‑>>
afwachten
2
3
to wait for, ~'wait and see'
| afwachten |
| to wait for |
| ik wachtte af |
| I waited for |
| ik heb afgewacht |
| I have waited for |
|
|
afronden
2
3
to 'round' a number - replacing a complicated number by a nearby more
convenient number
‑>>
naar boven afronden
2
3
4
to round up (a number)
naar beneden afronden
2
3
4
to round down (a number)
afdingen
2
3
to bargain (for a lower price
or for concessions, compromise)
| afdingen |
| to bargain |
| ik ding af |
| I'm bargaining |
| ik dong af |
| I bargained |
| ik heb afgedongen |
| I have bargained |
|
2
|
even afkloppen!
2
3
['taking a moment to'] knock on wood!
‑>>
afblijven
2
3
4
stay away from, do not touch, do not take
Blijf eraf!
2
3
Blijf er vanaf!
2
3
Stay away from it, do not touch it
Je moet er afblijven
2
3
Je moet er vanaf blijven
2
3
You have to stay away from it,
do not touch it
(Opinions differ on what should be written as one word above,
'er vanaf' or
'ervan af' - I put the space
where I pause a moment, at the 'vocal stop.')
aanraken
2
to touch
‑>>
afvegen
2
3
to wipe
More Words with 'Af'
af en toe
slow
from time to time, occasionally
Je moet er af en toe in roeren
2
3
4
You need to stir [in] it occasionally,
from time to time
Je moet er af en toe naar kijken
You need to look into it occasionally,
check it from time to time
Het lijkt wel alsof iemand (heel) ver weg af en toe op een trommel
slaat - dat zal m'n hartslag zijn
slow
2
3
It's like someone far in the distance
from time to time hits a drum - that's probably my heartbeat
- Slow Dutch
af en aan
2
on and on, a continuous stream
Vrachtwagens reden af en aan
2
3
On and on, trucks kept driving up (there was a
continuous stream of trucks delivering stuff)
vanaf
2
3
off, away from; from, starting ...
also split up as: van ... af
2
3
vanaf morgen
2
3
from tomorrow, starting tomorrow,
as of tomorrow
Er kan geen lachje vanaf
2
3
['There is no room for even a [small laugh]
smile' - 'They can't even spare a [little laugh] smile']
- They are extremely serious and very focused
raken
2
to touch; to hit a target
af raken van: (3 words)
af
raken
2
van
2
to move away from, get off, to stray from (also
figuratively)
De auto raakte van de weg af
2
3
4
The car got off the road,
drifted off the road
Van 't rechte pad af raken
2
3
Straying from [the straight path] the straight
and narrow (the morally upstanding life - Dutch
'recht'
2 is both
'straight' and (slightly old-fashioned) 'right, correct'
‑>>)
op de slechte weg brengen
2
3
[to bring to the bad way, put on the wrong
track] - Making you stray
from the straight and narrow
En Kees Ploeger praat van die rare kerels die 'm op
de slechte weg brachten
And Kees Ploeger talks of those
peculiar guys that put him on the wrong track
- Nescio
links
left (not right)
linksaf
2
3
to the left, leftward, left
rechts
right (not left)
Neem de tweede weg links
en dan de derde weg rechts
take the second road to the left
and then the third road to the right
‑>>
rechtsaf
2
to the right, rightward, right
ga linksaf
go left, go to the left, make a left turn
ga rechtsaf
go right, go to the right,
make a right turn
Aan het eind van de straat gaan we rechtsaf
At the end of the street we'll
turn to the right
Sla linksaf op 't kruispunt
2
Go left on the intersection
slaan
to hit, slap
‑>>
afslaan
2
3
1. to turn, change direction
2. to turn down, decline
3. to repulse, drive back (by force)
Kijk even achterom voordat je afslaat
2
[Look back for a moment ...] Quickly look backward
before you make a turn
Sla 't niet af!
2
3
Don't turn it down! (Take up the offer)
(de) berg
mountain
‑>>
bergaf
2
downhill
(het) baken
beacon
De bakens verzetten
2
(saying)
'[moving the beacons] - setting a new course' -
figuratively: change to a new policy
(de) afbakenening
2
demarcation, outlining of an area,
~staking out
(de) afstand
distance
(de) afstandsbediening
remote control
op loopafstand
within walking distance
lopen
2
'to walk' ‑>>
Houd afstand
2
keep distance, don't come too close
(de) afwas
dishes etc. to be washed
afwasborstels
dish brushes, dishwashing brushes
(de) afwasteil
dishwashing tub
‑>>
afwassen
2
3
1. to 'do' (clean) the dishes
2. to wash off (remove by washing or wet-rubbing)
(de) afwasmachine
2
dishwasher (machine)
Zet je je bord in de afwasmachine?
2
3
4
[Will you ...] Please put your plate
in the dishwasher
de afwasmachine leeghalen
2
to [empty] unpack the dishwasher
Kun je de afwasmachine leeghalen?
2
3
4
Could you please unpack the dishwasher?
op de rand van de afgrond
2
on the edge of the precipice
(het) afscheid
[leave-taking] goodbye
afscheid nemen
2
taking leave, saying goodbye
Hij nam afscheid
2
3
1. he said goodbye, he took leave
2. he retired (with some ceremony)
Hij nam afscheid van ons
2
3
he said goodbye to us,
he took leave of us
Tot ziens!
2
See you!
Vaarwel!
Farewell!
scheiden
2
to separate; to divorce
t Kaf van 't koren scheiden
['Separating the chaff from the wheat']
- Separating the useful
from the useless, the men from the boys, the sheep from the goats
(de) scheiding
2
separation; divorce
‑>>
de afscheiding
2
3
4
1. separation, secession, schism
2. dividing line, fence, fencing
3. secretion, discharge
scheikunde
chemistry ‑>>
(de) spraak
2
speech, the speaking
(de) toespraak
2
speech, address, presentation
spreken
to speak
‑>>
(de) afspraak
appointment - also: agreement
Ik heb een afspraak om acht uur
2
3
I have an 8 o'clock appointment
Kan ik de afspraak verzetten?
2
Can I (move) reschedule the appointment?
Ik herinnerde hem aan de afspraak
I reminded him that there was an agreement
(het) afspraakje
2
(romantic) date
afspreken
2
1. setting up an appointment
2. reaching an (informal) agreement
afleveren
2
3
to deliver
(de) aflevering
2
3
episode of a TV show
or installment of a serial
de volgende aflevering
2
3
the next episode
komen
'to come' ‑>>
(de) afkomst
2
/ (de) komaf
2
descent, origin, parentage, heritage
afstammelingen
descendants
‑>>
afbreken
2
3
1. to break down, take down, demolish, destroy
2. to break off, interrupt
(de) afbraak
2
demolition
nemen
'to take' ‑>>
afnemen
2
1. to take away
2. to decrease, become less
(de) afname
2
3
decrease, lessening
(de) toename
2
increase, growth
toenemen
2
to increase, grow, become larger or more
numerous
Van uitstel komt afstel
2
3
'Postponement leads to cancellation'
Laat 't afkoelen
2
Let it cool down
(de) afgevaardigde
2
representative, delegate,
elected official
plural: afgevaardigden
2
‑>>
(de) afkeer
2
(strong) dislike, distaste
(de) afschuw
2
loathing, horror, (strong) disgust
afschuwelijk
2
horrible, horrifying, shocking, awful
wisselen
to exchange
afwisselen
2
to alternate, take turns, vary
(de) afwisseling
2
3
change, variety
voor de afwisseling
2
3
for change, to have some variety
afzonderlijk
(afzonderlijke
2)
separate, special, apart
(de) afvoer
2
drain, water outlet in sink
(het) afdruiprek
dishes rack (water dripping off)
(de) afrit
2
3
off-ramp, exit
(de) oprit
2
driveway
trekken
2
3
to pull ('drag')
‑>>
aftrekken
2
to subtract ‑>>
meten
to measure, take measurements
‑>>
afmetingen
2
measurements, dimensions, 'size'
wegen
2
to weigh
‑>>
(de) afweging
consideration
(weighing, comparing options)
zenden
2
to send
(de) afzender
sender
(mail)
gaan
'to go' ‑>>
(de) afgang
2
embarrassing failure
(de) afdeling
2
department, division, section
(de) afdruk
2
print
afgepeigerd
exhausted, dead-tired
‑>>
afwijken
to deviate, diverge, differ
de Afsluitdijk
2
'the Closing Dike'
‑>>
email -
Copyright © Marco Schuffelen 2019.
All rights reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, redistributed,
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Don't be a
dief (thief) /
dievegge (female thief) -
diefstal (theft) -
stelen (to steal) -
heler (dealer in stolen goods) -
hear Dutch -
2
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